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Erbium
Erbium
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Er Element
Erbium Metal Erbium Electron Configuration Erbium Crystal Structure
Erbium
Add ⊕
1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Er
1.2 Group Number
Tennessine Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Gadolinium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.3 Period Number
Uranium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.4 Block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
Roentgenium Met..
⊕
▶
▼
7440520
Rank: 35 (Overall)▶
▲
Aluminium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
Sodium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
194.00
Rank: 5 (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Erbium metal is used as alloyed with Vanadium to make it softer.
  • Recent studies shows that it is helpful for metabolism.
2.2 Sources
Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1842
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
2 * 10-7 %
Rank: 22 (Overall)▶
▲
Thallium Metal
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▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
~0.0000001 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
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▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.00 %
Rank: 36 (Overall)▶
▲
Gold Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
Aluminium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.00 %
Rank: 32 (Overall)▶
▲
Radium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Sodium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.00 %
Rank: 36 (Overall)▶
▲
Protactinium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Calcium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Radium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It has a tendency to get tarnished in the open air, but when alloyed with elements like erbium, vanadium, its hardness levels decreases.
  • Its compounds like Erbium oxide is used in safety glasses of welders and metal workers.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Mildly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
✔ ✘
27% Lanthanide Series Metals have it !
3.2.3 In Blood
Sodium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
3.2.4 In Bone
Calcium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
▼
1,522.00 °C
Rank: 28 (Overall)▶
▲
Francium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.2 Boiling Point
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
▼
2,510.00 °C
Rank: 44 (Overall)▶
▲
Flerovium Metal
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▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Lustrous
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
Osmium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
814.00 MPa
Rank: 11 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
▼
589.00 MPa
Rank: 19 (Overall)▶
▲
Palladium Metal
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▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.5 Speed of Sound
Technetium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
2,830.00 m/s
Rank: 28 (Overall)▶
▲
Thallium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Palladium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.6.2 Reflectivity
Silver Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.7 Allotropes
✔ ✘
No Lanthanide Series Metals has it !
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Er
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
Palladium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
31
Rank: 8 (Overall)▶
▲
Tennessine Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
Gold Metal
⊕
▶
▼
1.24
Rank: 36 (Overall)▶
▲
Francium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
Cobalt Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Gallium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
1.11
Rank: 29 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Polonium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
Berkelium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
Francium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
2.76
Rank: 18 (Overall)▶
▲
Gold Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
589.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 59 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
1,150.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 68 (Overall)▶
▲
Ruthenium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
2,194.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)▶
▲
Osmium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
4,120.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)▶
▲
Thorium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Dubnium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Seaborgium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.7 7th Energy level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Bohrium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Hassium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Yttrium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Strontium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Magnesium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Yttrium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Magnesium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Titanium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Vanadium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Manganese Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Manganese Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cobalt Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Cobalt Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Nickel Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Nickel Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Copper Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Zinc Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Zinc Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Copper Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Copper Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum Metal
⊕
▶
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
Francium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
2.08 g/amp-hr
Rank: 28 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.7 Electron Work Function
Platinum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
Tennessine Metal
⊕
▶
▼
68
Rank: 48 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
Tennessine Metal
⊕
▶
▼
68
Rank: 47 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
Flerovium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
99
Rank: 33 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
Tennessine Metal
⊕
▶
▼
68
Rank: 47 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
176.00 pm
Rank: 18 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
Francium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
189.00 pm
Rank: 19 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
Francium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Zinc Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.6 Atomic Weight
Tennessine Metal
⊕
▶
▼
167.26 amu
Rank: 43 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.7 Atomic Volume
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
18.40 cm3/mol
Rank: 25 (Overall)▶
▲
Manganese Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
Platinum Metal
⊕
▶
▼
49.00 (-eV)
Rank: 29 (Overall)▶
▲
Francium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.10 Lattice Constant
Manganese Metal
⊕
▶
▼
355.88 pm
Rank: 39 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Cadmium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
1.57
Rank: 17 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
Hassium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
9.07 g/cm3
Rank: 42 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Osmium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
8.86 g/cm3
Rank: 23 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.2 Tensile Strength
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Indium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.3 Viscosity
Mercury Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury Metal
⊕
▶
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Strontium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 20 (Overall)▶
▲
Cerium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Chromium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
Osmium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
28.30 GPa
Rank: 25 (Overall)▶
▲
Potassium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
Osmium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
44.40 GPa
Rank: 27 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
Iridium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
69.90 GPa
Rank: 29 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.6 Poisson Ratio
Gallium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.24
Rank: 28 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
Cobalt Metal
⊕
▶
▼
9.07
Rank: 32 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Bismuth Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.1.4 Susceptibility
Iron Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Bismuth Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
Mercury Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.86 nΩ·m
Rank: 63 (Overall)▶
▲
Thallium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
Silver Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.01 106/cm Ω
Rank: 53 (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
Gold Metal
⊕
▶
▼
50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
0.17 J/(kg K)
Rank: 34 (Overall)▶
▲
Americium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
Americium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
28.12 J/mol·K
Rank: 11 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
Silver Metal
⊕
▶
▼
14.50 W/m·K
Rank: 55 (Overall)▶
▲
Neptunium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.4 Critical Temperature
Lithium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Ytterbium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.5 Thermal Expansion
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
▼
12.20 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 31 (Overall)▶
▲
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
▼
261.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 35 (Overall)▶
▲
Zinc Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
▼
17.20 kJ/mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
Tungsten Metal
⊕
▶
▼
314.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
Protactinium Me..
⊕
▶
▼
73.10 J/mol.K
Rank: 11 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium Metal
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

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