Lithium vs Francium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Li
Fr
Group Number
1
17
1
17
Period Number
2
7
Block
s block
s block
Element Family
Alkali
Alkali
CAS Number
7439932
99+
7440735
18
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Not Available
Space Group Number
229.00
1
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
- 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
- Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson
Marguerite Perey
Discovery
In 1817
In 1939
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-7 %
18
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.00017 %
11
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
22
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
15
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
16
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
- Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
NA
NA
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
27
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.
17
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
180.54 °C
99+
27.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C
99+
677.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
NA
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.60
21
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa
99+
Not Available
Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s
3
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Li
Fr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
8
30
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.98
99+
0.70
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89
26
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
0.86
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.97
19
0.68
25
Allen Electronegativity
0.91
99+
0.67
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.02
8
3.30
1
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol
99+
380.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol
3
Not Available
3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr
99+
8.32 g/amp-hr
1
Electron Work Function
2.90 eV
37
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
3
99+
87
31
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1
[Rn] 7s1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
3
99+
87
31
Number of Neutrons
4
99+
136
17
Number of Electrons
3
99+
87
31
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
152.00 pm
31
Not Available
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm
99+
260.00 pm
1
Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm
35
348.00 pm
1
Atomic Weight
6.94 amu
99+
223.00 amu
27
Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol
39
Not Available
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)
99+
8.00 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
351.00 pm
99+
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm3
99+
1.87 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm3
99+
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)
2
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa
99+
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa
99+
Not Available
Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa
99+
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.53
99+
Not Available
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m
33
3.00 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω
19
0.03 106/cm Ω
40
Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol
16
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)
1
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K
99+
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K
20
15.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K
1
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)
7
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol
99+
71.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K
99+
Not Available
|
||
|
||
|
