Home
Compare Metals


Niobium Holmium Comparison


Holmium Niobium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Nb   
Ho   

Group Number
5   
13
Not Available   

Period Number
5   
6   

Block
d block   
f block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Lanthanide   

CAS Number
7440031   
99+
7440600   
29

Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Niobium metal was used to get called Columbium in past.
  • Niobium metal found freely in nature (abundance).
  
  • Holmium metal is very soft and malleable.
  • Holmium metal is well known for its corrosion resistivity.
  

Sources
By-product of Tin Extraction, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Charles Hatchett   
Marc Delafontaine   

Discovery
In 1801   
In 1878   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
5 * 10-8 %   
27

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %   
23
~-9999 %   

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
35
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
25
0.00 %   
38

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
34
0.00 %   
99+

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Niobium alloys are used in jet engines and rockets and spacecraft, beams and girders for buildings and oil and gas pipelines.
  • It is used superconducting magnets in particles accelerators, NMR and MRI equipment.
  
  • Holmium metal has an ability to absorb neutrons, so this metal is used in nuclear reactors to keep the chain reactions of elements under control.
  • Alloys of Holmium are used to produce Magnet.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Nuclear Research   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Low Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   

In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
25
Not Available   

In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.   
25
Not Available   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
2,468.00 °C   
6
1,461.00 °C   
30

Boiling Point
2,468.00 °C   
99+
2,600.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Gray   
Silvery White   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
735.00 MPa   
14
746.00 MPa   
13

Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
481.00 MPa   
23

Speed of Sound
3,480.00 m/s   
21
2,760.00 m/s   
30

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Nb   
Ho   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
17   
22
34   
5

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.60   
23
1.23   
37

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.42   
16
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.10   
30

Allen Electronegativity
1.41   
31
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.40   
31
2.77   
17

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
652.10 kJ/mol   
99+
581.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,140.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,416.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,204.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,700.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4,100.00 kJ/mol   
34

5th Energy Level
4,877.00 kJ/mol   
36
Not Available   

6th Energy Level
9,847.00 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   

7th Energy level
12,100.00 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.02 g/amp-hr   
29

Electron Work Function
4.30 eV   
18
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
41   
99+
67   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d4 5s1   
[Xe] 4f11 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Holmium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
41   
99+
67   
99+

Number of Neutrons
52   
99+
98   
34

Number of Electrons
41   
99+
67   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
176.00 pm   
18

Covalent Radius
164.00 pm   
28
192.00 pm   
17

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
216.00 pm   
24

Atomic Weight
92.91 amu   
99+
164.93 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
10.87 cm3/mol   
99+
18.70 cm3/mol   
24

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Zirconium
  
Dysprosium
  

Next Element
Molybdenum
  
Erbium
  

Valence Electron Potential
104.00 (-eV)   
8
47.90 (-eV)   
31

Lattice Constant
330.04 pm   
99+
357.73 pm   
38

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
17

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
8.57 g/cm3   
99+
8.79 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
8.34 g/cm3   
26

Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa   
12
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
16

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
38.00 GPa   
19
26.30 GPa   
28

Bulk Modulus
170.00 GPa   
10
40.20 GPa   
32

Young's Modulus
105.00 GPa   
20
64.80 GPa   
31

Poisson Ratio
0.40   
4
0.23   
29

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable, Sectile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
8.57   
37
8.80   
35

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
152.00 nΩ·m   
23
814.00 nΩ·m   
4

Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω   
28
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
86.10 kJ/mol   
12
50.00 kJ/mol   
21

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.26 J/(kg K)   
20
0.16 J/(kg K)   
35

Molar Heat Capacity
24.60 J/mol·K   
99+
27.15 J/mol·K   
19

Thermal Conductivity
53.70 W/m·K   
29
16.20 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
7.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
11.20 µm/(m·K)   
35

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
696.60 kJ/mol   
4
241.00 kJ/mol   
38

Enthalpy of Fusion
27.20 kJ/mol   
6
11.76 kJ/mol   
29

Enthalpy of Atomization
745.00 kJ/mol   
4
301.00 kJ/mol   
36

Standard Molar Entropy
36.40 J/mol.K   
99+
75.30 J/mol.K   
8

Summary >>
<< Thermal

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals