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Nobelium vs Californium


Californium vs Nobelium


Periodic Table

Symbol
No   
Cf   

Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   

Period Number
7   
7   

Block
f block   
f block   

Element Family
Actinide   
Actinide   

CAS Number
10028145   
16
7440713   
20

Space Group Name
Not Available   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
  • No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
  
  • Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
  • Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
  

Sources
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining   
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   

Discovery
In 1966   
In 1950   

Abundance
  
  

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
  • It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Research Purposes   
Alloys, Nuclear Research   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Unknown   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
36

Physical Properties

Melting Point
827.00 °C   
99+
900.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
Not Available   
1,470.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Unknown   
Silver   

Luster
Unknown Luster   
NA   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
3.00   
12

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
No   
Cf   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
13   
26
20   
19

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.30   
32

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.20   
27

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.70   
22

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
642.00 kJ/mol   
99+
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,254.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,643.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,956.00 kJ/mol   
39
3,599.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
4.83 g/amp-hr   
4
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
102   
16
98   
20

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 7s2   
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   

Crystal Structure
Not Known   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   

Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Nobelium.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
102   
16
98   
20

Number of Neutrons
157   
7
153   
9

Number of Electrons
102   
16
98   
20

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
Not Available   
186.00 pm   
9

Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm   
8
Not Available   

Atomic Weight
259.00 amu   
13
251.00 amu   
17

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Berkelium
  

Next Element
Lawrencium
  

Valence Electron Potential
26.00 (-eV)   
99+
44.50 (-eV)   
38

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
338.00 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
Not Available   
15.10 g/cm3   
21

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Elasticity properties
  
  

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
Malleable, Sectile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
Not Available   
15.10   
13

Magnetic Ordering
Unknown   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
Not Available   

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