Bismuth vs Titanium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi
Ti
Group Number
15
3
4
14
Period Number
6
4
Block
p block
d block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440699
22
7440326
99+
Space Group Name
C12/m1
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
12.00
12
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
- It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Discovery
In 1753
In 1791
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
3 * 10-4 %
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %
14
~0.0004 %
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.05 %
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.66 %
7
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3
20
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3
16
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.
22
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C
99+
1,660.00 °C
18
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C
99+
3,287.00 °C
22
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery Gray-White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.25
15
6.00
6
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa
99+
716.00 MPa
15
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
830.00 MPa
14
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s
99+
5,090.00 m/s
9
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi
Ti
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
23
16
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02
6
1.54
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34
3
1.09
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67
6
1.32
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15
4
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
2.01
4
1.38
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98
99+
2.46
28
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
35
658.80 kJ/mol
39
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol
33
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,652.50 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol
28
4,174.60 kJ/mol
32
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol
30
9,581.00 kJ/mol
5
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol
19
11,533.00 kJ/mol
6
7th Energy level
Not Available
13,590.00 kJ/mol
6
8th Energy Level
Not Available
16,440.00 kJ/mol
8
9th Energy Level
Not Available
18,530.00 kJ/mol
11
10th Energy Level
Not Available
20,833.00 kJ/mol
15
11th Energy Level
Not Available
25,575.00 kJ/mol
14
12th Energy Level
Not Available
28,125.00 kJ/mol
14
13th Energy Level
Not Available
76,015.00 kJ/mol
1
14th Energy Level
Not Available
83,280.00 kJ/mol
2
15th Energy Level
Not Available
90,880.00 kJ/mol
3
16th Energy Level
Not Available
100,700.00 kJ/mol
4
17th Energy Level
Not Available
109,100.00 kJ/mol
5
18th Energy Level
Not Available
117,800.00 kJ/mol
6
19th Energy Level
Not Available
129,900.00 kJ/mol
7
20th Energy Level
Not Available
137,530.00 kJ/mol
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr
19
0.45 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV
22
4.33 eV
17
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83
33
22
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
83
33
22
99+
Number of Neutrons
126
18
26
99+
Number of Electrons
83
33
22
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm
29
147.00 pm
34
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm
36
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm
26
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu
29
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol
14
10.64 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)
99+
95.20 (-eV)
10
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm
2
295.08 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3
39
4.51 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3
18
4.11 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
434.00 MPa
9
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.98 (Pa)
14
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa
99+
44.00 GPa
17
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa
38
110.00 GPa
15
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa
99+
116.00 GPa
18
Poisson Ratio
0.33
11
0.32
12
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.79
30
4.51
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
6
Not Available
Susceptibility
0.00
6
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m
99+
420.00 nΩ·m
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol
11
7.60 kJ/mol
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.52 J/(kg K)
9
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K
37
25.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K
99+
21.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)
28
8.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol
99+
429.00 kJ/mol
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol
33
15.48 kJ/mol
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol
99+
468.60 kJ/mol
15
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K
24
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
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