Francium vs Yttrium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr
Y
Group Number
1
17
3
15
Period Number
7
5
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkali
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440735
18
7440655
25
Space Group Name
Not Available
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
Not Available
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
- Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
- Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
- Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey
Johan Gadolin
Discovery
In 1939
In 1794
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
7 * 10-7 %
17
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
21
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
22
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
25
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
- Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
- It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
Industrial Uses
NA
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
NA
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
26
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.07 p.p.m.
25
Physical Properties
Melting Point
27.00 °C
99+
1,523.00 °C
27
Boiling Point
677.00 °C
99+
3,337.00 °C
21
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
NA
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
589.00 MPa
22
Speed of Sound
Not Available
3,300.00 m/s
23
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Fr
Y
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
19
20
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70
99+
1.22
38
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
0.65
29
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86
99+
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68
25
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.67
99+
1.12
38
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30
1
2.78
16
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol
99+
600.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
Not Available
1,180.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
1,980.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5,847.00 kJ/mol
10
5th Energy Level
Not Available
7,430.00 kJ/mol
14
6th Energy Level
Not Available
8,970.00 kJ/mol
17
7th Energy level
Not Available
11,190.00 kJ/mol
18
8th Energy Level
Not Available
12,450.00 kJ/mol
18
9th Energy Level
Not Available
14,110.00 kJ/mol
19
10th Energy Level
Not Available
18,400.00 kJ/mol
17
11th Energy Level
Not Available
19,900.00 kJ/mol
18
12th Energy Level
Not Available
36,090.00 kJ/mol
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr
1
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
3.10 eV
35
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
87
31
39
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
87
31
39
99+
Number of Neutrons
136
17
50
99+
Number of Electrons
87
31
39
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
Not Available
180.00 pm
14
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm
1
190.00 pm
18
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm
1
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu
27
88.91 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
Not Available
19.80 cm3/mol
21
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)
99+
48.00 (-eV)
30
Lattice Constant
Not Available
364.74 pm
31
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.57
16
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3
99+
4.47 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
4.24 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
32
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
4.27 (Pa)
10
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
25.60 GPa
30
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
41.20 GPa
30
Young's Modulus
Not Available
63.50 GPa
32
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.24
26
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
Not Available
4.47
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m
99+
596.00 nΩ·m
8
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω
40
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
29.60 kJ/mol
30
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available
0.30 J/(kg K)
18
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
26.53 J/mol·K
27
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K
99+
17.20 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
10.60 µm/(m·K)
37
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
393.00 kJ/mol
18
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
17.15 kJ/mol
16
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol
99+
418.00 kJ/mol
18
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
44.40 J/mol.K
33
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