Titanium vs Mercury
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ti
Hg
Group Number
4
14
12
6
Period Number
4
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440326
99+
7439976
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
R_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
166.00
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Discovery
In 1791
Before 2000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %
11
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %
7
0.05 %
9
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
15
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3
16
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
23
In Bone
Not Available
0.45 p.p.m.
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,660.00 °C
18
Not Available
Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C
22
356.58 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Liquid
Color
Silvery Gray-White
Silver
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.00
6
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa
14
Not Available
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s
9
1,451.40 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
Not Available
1.00
3
Reflectivity
Not Available
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ti
Hg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
23
16
34
5
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54
26
2.00
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.09
20
2.20
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.32
23
1.44
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.81
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.38
32
1.44
30
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.46
28
2.00
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol
39
1,007.10 kJ/mol
4
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol
20
3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol
20
4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol
32
Not Available
5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/mol
14
Not Available
12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/mol
14
Not Available
13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/mol
1
Not Available
14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/mol
3
Not Available
16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/mol
7
Not Available
20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/mol
9
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr
99+
3.74 g/amp-hr
10
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV
17
4.49 eV
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
22
99+
80
36
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
22
99+
80
36
Number of Neutrons
26
99+
121
22
Number of Electrons
22
99+
80
36
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm
34
151.00 pm
32
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm
30
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
155.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
200.59 amu
32
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol
99+
14.82 cm3/mol
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)
10
28.20 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm
99+
300.50 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3
99+
13.53 g/cm3
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3
99+
Not Available
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa
9
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
0.00
1
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)
14
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa
17
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa
15
Not Available
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa
18
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.32
12
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.51
99+
13.53
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m
12
961.00 nΩ·m
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol
37
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)
9
0.14 J/(kg K)
38
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K
99+
27.98 J/mol·K
13
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K
99+
8.30 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
1,750.00 K
6
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
60.40 µm/(m·K)
5
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol
15
56.90 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
19
2.29 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol
15
61.50 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
75.80 J/mol.K
6
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