Erbium mungsuh Holmium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Er
Ho
Panggil Group
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
lanthanide
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440520
35
7440600
29
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Erbium logam digunakake minangka alloyed karo Vanadium wis alus.
- Panaliten anyar nuduhake yen iku mbiyantu kanggo metabolisme.
- metal Holmium sanget alus lan malleable.
- metal Holmium uga dikenal kanggo resistivity sawijining karat.
sumber
Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Marc Delafontaine
Discovery
Wonten ing taun 1842
ing taun 1878
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
5 * 10-8 %
27
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~-9999 %
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
36
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
32
0.00 %
38
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
36
0.00 %
99+
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Wis cenderung kanggo njaluk tarnished ing online mbukak, nanging nalika alloyed karo unsur kaya erbium, vanadium, tingkat atose sudo.
- senyawa kaya Erbium oxide digunakake ing kaca tingal safety saka welders lan buruh metal.
- metal Holmium duwe kemampuan kanggo nresep neutron, supaya logam iki digunakake ing reaktor nuklir kanggo njaga reaksi berantai saka unsur ing kontrol.
- Wesi saka Holmium digunakake kanggo gawé Magnet.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
NA
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Nuclear Riset
Properties biologi
keracunan
mildly Toxic
Low Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ora
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,522.00 ° C
28
1,461.00 ° C
30
Boiling Point
2,510.00 ° C
99+
2,600.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
lustrous
metallic
atose
Brinell atose
814.00 MPa
11
746.00 MPa
13
Vickers atose
589.00 MPa
19
481.00 MPa
23
Kacepetan swara
2,830.00 m / s
28
2,760.00 m / s
30
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Er
Ho
isotop
Isotop dikenal
31
8
34
5
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.24
36
1.23
37
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
1.10
30
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.76
18
2.77
17
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
589.30 kJ / mol
99+
581.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,150.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,140.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,194.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,204.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
4,100.00 kJ / mol
34
padha karo elektrokimia
2.08 g / amp-day
28
2.02 g / amp-day
29
Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
68
99+
67
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 12 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 11 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Erbium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Holmium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
68
99+
67
99+
Jumlah Neutron
99
33
98
34
Jumlah Èlèktron
68
99+
67
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
176.00 pm
18
176.00 pm
18
kovalen Radius
189.00 pm
19
192.00 pm
17
Van der Waals Radius
ora Sumadhiya
216.00 pm
24
Bobot atom
167.26 Amu
99+
164.93 Amu
99+
Volume atom
18.40 cm3 / mol
25
18.70 cm3 / mol
24
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
49.00 (-eV)
29
47.90 (-eV)
31
Constant pola
355.88 pm
39
357.73 pm
38
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.57
17
1.57
17
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.07 g / cm 3
99+
8.79 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.86 g / cm3
23
8.34 g / cm3
26
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
20
0.00 (Pa)
16
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
28.30 GPA
25
26.30 GPA
28
pengaturan akeh
44.40 GPA
27
40.20 GPA
32
Young kang pengaturan
69.90 GPA
29
64.80 GPA
31
Poisson rasio
0.24
28
0.23
29
Properties Teknik liyane
malleable
ductile, malleable, Sectile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
9.07
32
8.80
35
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
0.86 nΩ · m
99+
814.00 nΩ · m
4
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.17 J / (kg K)
34
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
Graham Kapasitas kalor
28.12 J / mol · K
11
27.15 J / mol · K
19
doyo termal
14.50 W / m · K
99+
16.20 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
12.20 μm / (m · K)
31
11.20 μm / (m · K)
35
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
261.00 kJ / mol
35
241.00 kJ / mol
38
Enthalpy saka Fusion
17.20 kJ / mol
15
11.76 kJ / mol
29
Enthalpy saka atomization
314.00 kJ / mol
33
301.00 kJ / mol
36
Standard molar Entropy
73.10 J / mol.K
11
75.30 J / mol.K
8
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