Hafnium mungsuh kadmium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Hf
Cd
Panggil Group
4
14
12
6
Panggil periode
6
5
Block
d block
d block
Family unsur
transisi Metal
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440586
30
7440439
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
Character length exceed error
sumber
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
Discovery
ing taun 1922
ing 1817
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000006 %
21
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
37
0.00 %
31
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
31
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
27
0.00 %
28
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
11
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
- Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.
Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
24
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
1.80 ppm
15
fisik Properties
leleh Point
2,150.00 ° C
10
320.90 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
5,400.00 ° C
5
765.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
Perak werna-Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
5.50
7
2.00
16
Brinell atose
1,450.00 MPa
6
203.00 MPa
39
Vickers atose
1,520.00 MPa
5
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
3,010.00 m / s
27
2,310.00 m / s
39
Properties Optical
reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya
67.00 %
11
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Hf
Cd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
34
5
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.30
32
1.69
17
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.98
9
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.23
25
1.46
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.53
13
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.16
37
1.52
27
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
2.31
37
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
658.50 kJ / mol
40
867.80 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 2
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,631.40 kJ / mol
32
Level Energy 3rd
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,616.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 4
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
2.10 g / amp-day
27
Fungsi Work elektron
3.90 eV
27
4.22 eV
22
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
72
99+
48
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cadmium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
72
99+
48
99+
Jumlah Neutron
106
29
64
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
72
99+
48
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
159.00 pm
28
151.00 pm
32
kovalen Radius
175.00 pm
23
144.00 pm
40
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
158.00 pm
99+
Bobot atom
178.49 Amu
39
112.41 Amu
99+
Volume atom
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
13.10 cm3 / mol
39
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
81.00 (-eV)
16
30.00 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
319.64 pm
99+
297.94 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.58
12
1.89
1
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
13.31 g / cm 3
26
8.65 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
12.00 g / cm3
12
8.00 g / cm3
28
Strength tensile
445.00 MPa
8
62.00 MPa
16
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
24
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
30.00 GPA
23
19.00 GPA
35
pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA
15
42.00 GPA
29
Young kang pengaturan
78.00 GPA
25
50.00 GPA
36
Poisson rasio
0.37
7
0.30
14
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
13.31
18
8.65
36
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Semiconductor
resistivity
331.00 nΩ · m
14
72.70 nΩ · m
36
konduktivitas listrik
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
15
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol
40
0.00 kJ / mol
40
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
0.23 J / (kg K)
26
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.73 J / mol · K
36
26.02 J / mol · K
32
doyo termal
23.00 W / m · K
99+
96.60 W / m · K
16
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
30.80 μm / (m · K)
10
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
661.10 kJ / mol
5
100.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
25.10 kJ / mol
8
6.19 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
703.00 kJ / mol
5
113.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
43.60 J / mol.K
34
51.80 J / mol.K
27
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