Hafnium mungsuh kalium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Hf
K
Panggil Group
4
14
1
17
Panggil periode
6
4
Block
d block
s pemblokiran
Family unsur
transisi Metal
alkali
CAS Number
7440586
30
7440097
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
3M Im_
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
facts
Facts Interesting
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
- Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN kalium wis ditingkat 7th.
- Kalium bisa gampang ngiris (disigar) mudhun nggunakake piso.
sumber
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Humphry Davy
Discovery
ing taun 1922
1807
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
3 * 10-4 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0004 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
37
0.07 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
31
1.50 %
6
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
27
0.04 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.20 %
2
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- senyawa kalium kang ana ing dhuwur dikarepake kanggo aplikasi ing Manufaktur pupuk.
- Kalium karbonat digunakake ing Manufaktur kaca lan kalium karbonat ing Manufaktur deterjen lan awak wisuh.
Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi
Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
NA
Industry Pharmaceutical
Ulah liyane
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
NA
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
1,620.00 Sang / mg dm-3
2
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
2,100.00 ppm
3
fisik Properties
leleh Point
2,150.00 ° C
10
63.65 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
5,400.00 ° C
5
774.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
perak Gray
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
5.50
7
0.40
23
Brinell atose
1,450.00 MPa
6
0.36 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
1,520.00 MPa
5
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
3,010.00 m / s
27
2,000.00 m / s
99+
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Hf
K
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
20
19
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.30
32
0.82
99+
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
0.45
31
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.23
25
0.91
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
0.73
23
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.16
37
0.73
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
3.18
3
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
658.50 kJ / mol
40
418.80 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,052.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 3rd
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
4,420.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 4
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
5,877.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
7,975.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
9,590.00 kJ / mol
13
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
11,343.00 kJ / mol
17
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
14,944.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
16,963.70 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
48,610.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
54,490.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
60,730.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
68,950.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
75,900.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
83,080.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
93,400.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
99,710.00 kJ / mol
8
padha karo elektrokimia
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
1.46 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
3.90 eV
27
2.30 eV
99+
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
72
99+
19
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
[Ar] 4s 1
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
72
99+
19
99+
Jumlah Neutron
106
29
20
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
72
99+
19
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
159.00 pm
28
227.00 pm
3
kovalen Radius
175.00 pm
23
203.00 pm
9
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
275.00 pm
5
Bobot atom
178.49 Amu
39
39.10 Amu
99+
Volume atom
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
45.46 cm3 / mol
3
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
81.00 (-eV)
16
10.40 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
319.64 pm
99+
532.80 pm
12
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.58
12
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
13.31 g / cm 3
26
0.86 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
12.00 g / cm3
12
0.83 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
445.00 MPa
8
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
24
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
30.00 GPA
23
1.30 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA
15
3.10 GPA
99+
Young kang pengaturan
78.00 GPA
25
3.53 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.37
7
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
13.31
18
0.86
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
331.00 nΩ · m
14
72.00 nΩ · m
37
konduktivitas listrik
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
14
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol
40
48.40 kJ / mol
22
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
0.75 J / (kg K)
6
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.73 J / mol · K
36
29.60 J / mol · K
6
doyo termal
23.00 W / m · K
99+
102.50 W / m · K
15
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
2,223.00 K
3
Expansion termal
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
83.30 μm / (m · K)
3
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
661.10 kJ / mol
5
77.50 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
25.10 kJ / mol
8
2.32 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
703.00 kJ / mol
5
89.50 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
43.60 J / mol.K
34
64.70 J / mol.K
18
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