Holmium mungsuh krom
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ho
Cr
Panggil Group
ora Sumadhiya
6
12
Panggil periode
6
4
Block
pemblokiran f
d block
Family unsur
lanthanide
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440600
29
7440473
39
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
3M Im_
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
facts
Facts Interesting
- metal Holmium sanget alus lan malleable.
- metal Holmium uga dikenal kanggo resistivity sawijining karat.
- Krom punika reaktif, Empu durung ketemu gratis ing alam.
- Ores saka Chromites Mineral sing sumber utama saka logam Krom.
- Meh 90% penyamakan kulit wis rampung karo bantuan saka krom.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Marc Delafontaine
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Discovery
ing taun 1878
Ing Antarane 1797 - 1798
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
1.5 * 10-3 %
7
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~-9999 %
~0.002 %
7
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.30 %
7
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
38
0.01 %
13
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
16
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- metal Holmium duwe kemampuan kanggo nresep neutron, supaya logam iki digunakake ing reaktor nuklir kanggo njaga reaksi berantai saka unsur ing kontrol.
- Wesi saka Holmium digunakake kanggo gawé Magnet.
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
NA
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, Nuclear Riset
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Low Toxic
Highly Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
0.11 Sang / mg dm-3
12
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
0.33 ppm
21
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,461.00 ° C
30
1,857.00 ° C
14
Boiling Point
2,600.00 ° C
99+
2,672.00 ° C
39
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Silver
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
8.50
1
Brinell atose
746.00 MPa
13
687.00 MPa
16
Vickers atose
481.00 MPa
23
1,060.00 MPa
10
Kacepetan swara
2,760.00 m / s
30
5,940.00 m / s
5
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ho
Cr
isotop
Isotop dikenal
34
5
21
18
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.23
37
1.66
18
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.66
14
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.10
30
1.56
10
Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.65
19
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.77
17
2.34
36
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
581.00 kJ / mol
99+
26,130.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 2
1,140.00 kJ / mol
99+
28,750.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 3rd
2,204.00 kJ / mol
99+
34,230.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 4
4,100.00 kJ / mol
34
37,066.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
97,510.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
105,800.00 kJ / mol
1
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
114,300.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
125,300.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
134,700.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
144,300.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
26,130.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
28,750.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
34,230.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
37,066.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
97,510.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
105,800.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
114,300.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
125,300.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya
134,700.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiya
144,300.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiya
157,700.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiya
166,090.00 kJ / mol
6
padha karo elektrokimia
2.02 g / amp-day
29
0.32 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya
4.50 eV
14
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
67
99+
24
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 11 6s 2
[Ar] 3d 5 4s 1
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Holmium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
67
99+
24
99+
Jumlah Neutron
98
34
28
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
67
99+
24
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
176.00 pm
18
128.00 pm
99+
kovalen Radius
192.00 pm
17
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm
24
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
164.93 Amu
99+
52.00 Amu
99+
Volume atom
18.70 cm3 / mol
24
7.23 cm3 / mol
99+
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
47.90 (-eV)
31
170.00 (-eV)
4
Constant pola
357.73 pm
38
291.00 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.57
17
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
8.79 g / cm 3
99+
7.19 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.34 g / cm3
26
6.30 g / cm3
40
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
689.00 MPa
7
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
16
0.00 (Pa)
24
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
774.00 (Pa)
1
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
26.30 GPA
28
115.00 GPA
9
pengaturan akeh
40.20 GPA
32
160.00 GPA
11
Young kang pengaturan
64.80 GPA
31
279.00 GPA
8
Poisson rasio
0.23
29
0.21
32
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable, Sectile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
8.80
35
7.19
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
NA
resistivity
814.00 nΩ · m
4
125.00 nΩ · m
27
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.08 10 6 / cm Ω
25
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
64.30 kJ / mol
15
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
0.45 J / (kg K)
12
Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.15 J / mol · K
19
23.35 J / mol · K
99+
doyo termal
16.20 W / m · K
99+
93.90 W / m · K
17
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
11.20 μm / (m · K)
35
4.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
241.00 kJ / mol
38
348.80 kJ / mol
24
Enthalpy saka Fusion
11.76 kJ / mol
29
15.31 kJ / mol
20
Enthalpy saka atomization
301.00 kJ / mol
36
397.50 kJ / mol
21
Standard molar Entropy
75.30 J / mol.K
8
23.80 J / mol.K
99+
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