krom mungsuh Panerapan
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Cr
Ga
Panggil Group
6
12
13
5
Panggil periode
4
4
Block
d block
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
transisi Metal
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440473
39
7440553
32
Jeneng papan Group
3M Im_
Cmca
Space Group Number
229.00
1
64.00
9
facts
Facts Interesting
- Krom punika reaktif, Empu durung ketemu gratis ing alam.
- Ores saka Chromites Mineral sing sumber utama saka logam Krom.
- Meh 90% penyamakan kulit wis rampung karo bantuan saka krom.
- A gram saka logam Gallium bisa tuku mung telung dolar.
- Panerapan logam ketemu ing ores bab ing ngisor iki Coal, Bauksit, Diaspore, sphalerite, germanite lan Seng.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
Ing Antarane 1797 - 1798
ing taun 1875
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1.5 * 10-3 %
7
1 * 10-6 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.002 %
7
~0.000004 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.30 %
7
0.00 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
13
0.00 %
24
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
16
0.00 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
16
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- Panerapan arsenida punika komponèn penting banget akeh semikonduktor lan manufaktur mimpin.
- Panerapan nitride uga ngerti minangka semikonduktor lan digunakake ing teknologi Blu-ray, Smartphone mobile lan LED.
Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Highly Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.11 Sang / mg dm-3
12
0.08 Sang / mg dm-3
13
ing Bone
0.33 ppm
21
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,857.00 ° C
14
29.78 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
2,672.00 ° C
39
2,403.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Silver
perak Putih
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
8.50
1
1.50
18
Brinell atose
687.00 MPa
16
56.80 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
1,060.00 MPa
10
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
5,940.00 m / s
5
2,740.00 m / s
31
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Cr
Ga
isotop
Isotop dikenal
21
18
24
15
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.66
18
1.81
15
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.66
14
2.42
2
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.56
10
1.82
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
2.01
5
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.65
19
1.76
14
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.34
36
2.19
39
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
26,130.00 kJ / mol
1
578.80 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
28,750.00 kJ / mol
1
1,979.30 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 3rd
34,230.00 kJ / mol
1
2,963.00 kJ / mol
28
Level Energy 4
37,066.00 kJ / mol
1
6,180.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 5th
97,510.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
105,800.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
114,300.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
125,300.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
134,700.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
144,300.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 11
26,130.00 kJ / mol
12
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 12
28,750.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 13
34,230.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 14
37,066.00 kJ / mol
12
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 15
97,510.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 16
105,800.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 17
114,300.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 18
125,300.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 19
134,700.00 kJ / mol
5
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 20
144,300.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 21
157,700.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 22
166,090.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
0.32 g / amp-day
99+
0.87 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
4.50 eV
14
4.20 eV
23
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
24
99+
31
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 5 4s 1
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1
Struktur Crystal
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Orthorhombic (Orth)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
24
99+
31
99+
Jumlah Neutron
28
99+
39
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
24
99+
31
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
128.00 pm
99+
135.00 pm
99+
kovalen Radius
139.00 pm
99+
122.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
187.00 pm
32
Bobot atom
52.00 Amu
99+
69.72 Amu
99+
Volume atom
7.23 cm3 / mol
99+
11.80 cm3 / mol
99+
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
170.00 (-eV)
4
69.70 (-eV)
19
Constant pola
291.00 pm
99+
451.97 pm
18
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.19 g / cm 3
99+
5.91 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.30 g / cm3
40
6.10 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
689.00 MPa
7
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
24
0.00 (Pa)
15
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
774.00 (Pa)
1
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
115.00 GPA
9
ora Sumadhiya
pengaturan akeh
160.00 GPA
11
ora Sumadhiya
Young kang pengaturan
279.00 GPA
8
9.80 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.21
32
0.47
1
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.19
99+
5.91
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
Antiferromagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
NA
Semiconductor
resistivity
125.00 nΩ · m
27
270.00 nΩ · m
15
konduktivitas listrik
0.08 10 6 / cm Ω
25
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
29
elektron Affinity
64.30 kJ / mol
15
28.90 kJ / mol
31
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.45 J / (kg K)
12
0.37 J / (kg K)
16
Graham Kapasitas kalor
23.35 J / mol · K
99+
25.86 J / mol · K
35
doyo termal
93.90 W / m · K
17
40.60 W / m · K
34
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
4.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
18.00 μm / (m · K)
24
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
348.80 kJ / mol
24
256.10 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka Fusion
15.31 kJ / mol
20
5.59 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
397.50 kJ / mol
21
276.10 kJ / mol
39
Standard molar Entropy
23.80 J / mol.K
99+
40.80 J / mol.K
38
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