mbandhingaké Hafnium lan Tin
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Hf
Sn
Panggil Group
4
14
14
4
Panggil periode
6
5
Block
d block
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
transisi Metal
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440586
30
7440315
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
I41 / AMD
Space Group Number
194.00
5
141.00
7
facts
Facts Interesting
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
- Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN timah ditingkat 49.
- metal Tin ora nanggepi karo banyu uga ora corrode ing.
sumber
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Unknown
Discovery
ing taun 1922
Sadurunge 3500 BC
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
4 * 10-7 %
20
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000009 %
19
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
37
0.00 %
24
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
31
0.00 %
34
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
27
0.00 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
13
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- alloy Tin-niobium digunakake kanggo prodhuksi superconducting wesi sembrani.
- uyah Tin dikenal minangka klorida timah II, kang digunakake minangka mordant lan reduktor kanggo dyeing calico lan sutra.
Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industri Pangan
Ulah Medical
NA
Dentistry
Ulah liyane
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
NA
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
0.38 Sang / mg dm-3
10
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
1.40 ppm
16
fisik Properties
leleh Point
2,150.00 ° C
10
231.90 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
5,400.00 ° C
5
2,270.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
perak Putih
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
5.50
7
1.50
18
Brinell atose
1,450.00 MPa
6
50.00 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
1,520.00 MPa
5
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
3,010.00 m / s
27
2,730.00 m / s
32
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ya
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
Putih Tin (Beta Tin)
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Hf
Sn
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
35
4
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.30
32
1.96
8
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.49
15
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.23
25
1.72
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
2.21
3
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.16
37
1.82
11
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
2.04
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
658.50 kJ / mol
40
708.60 kJ / mol
33
Level Energy 2
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,411.80 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,943.00 kJ / mol
30
Level Energy 4
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,930.30 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
7,456.00 kJ / mol
13
padha karo elektrokimia
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
1.11 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
3.90 eV
27
4.42 eV
16
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
ionisasi, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
72
99+
50
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2 5p 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
72
99+
50
99+
Jumlah Neutron
106
29
69
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
72
99+
50
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
159.00 pm
28
140.00 pm
38
kovalen Radius
175.00 pm
23
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
217.00 pm
23
Bobot atom
178.49 Amu
39
118.71 Amu
99+
Volume atom
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
16.30 cm3 / mol
32
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
81.00 (-eV)
16
83.50 (-eV)
14
Constant pola
319.64 pm
99+
583.18 pm
7
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.58
12
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
13.31 g / cm 3
26
7.37 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
12.00 g / cm3
12
6.99 g / cm3
34
Strength tensile
445.00 MPa
8
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
17
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
24
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
30.00 GPA
23
18.00 GPA
36
pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA
15
58.00 GPA
20
Young kang pengaturan
78.00 GPA
25
50.00 GPA
36
Poisson rasio
0.37
7
0.36
8
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
13.31
18
7.31
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
superconductor
resistivity
331.00 nΩ · m
14
115.00 nΩ · m
28
konduktivitas listrik
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
0.09 10 6 / cm Ω
23
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol
40
107.30 kJ / mol
8
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
0.23 J / (kg K)
28
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.73 J / mol · K
36
27.11 J / mol · K
20
doyo termal
23.00 W / m · K
99+
66.80 W / m · K
25
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
22.00 μm / (m · K)
20
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
661.10 kJ / mol
5
290.40 kJ / mol
32
Enthalpy saka Fusion
25.10 kJ / mol
8
7.03 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
703.00 kJ / mol
5
301.30 kJ / mol
35
Standard molar Entropy
43.60 J / mol.K
34
51.20 J / mol.K
29
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