mbandhingaké Scandium lan Zirconium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Sc
Zr
Panggil Group
3
15
4
14
Panggil periode
4
5
Block
d block
d block
Family unsur
transisi Metal
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440202
99+
7440677
23
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Scandium dikenal minangka salah siji saka unsur bumi.
- metal Scandium ditemokake ing mineral langka disebut wolframite.
- Zirconium logam bisa nolak kanggo asam banget.
- Zirconium logam ditanggepi karo oksigen lan nitrogen ing atmosfer.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Discovery
ing taun 1879
ing taun 1789
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-6 %
15
5 * 10-6 %
13
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.000004 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
18
0.00 %
17
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
23
0.01 %
14
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
32
0.00 %
23
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
15
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- Minangka logam ora nresep neutron; Kang digunakake ing stasiun daya nuklir.
- oxide sawijining digunakake ing keramik kuwat Ultra. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing crucibles Manufaktur.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
NA
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
22
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
21
ing Bone
0.00 ppm
34
0.10 ppm
23
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,539.00 ° C
24
1,852.00 ° C
15
Boiling Point
2,832.00 ° C
35
4,377.00 ° C
11
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
lustrous
lustrous
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
5.00
8
Brinell atose
750.00 MPa
12
638.00 MPa
19
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
820.00 MPa
15
Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiya
3,800.00 m / s
20
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Sc
Zr
isotop
Isotop dikenal
13
26
24
15
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.36
29
1.33
30
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.02
21
0.90
25
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.20
27
1.22
26
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.19
36
1.32
34
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64
25
2.67
24
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
633.10 kJ / mol
99+
640.10 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,235.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,270.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,388.60 kJ / mol
99+
2,218.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
7,090.60 kJ / mol
6
3,313.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
8,843.00 kJ / mol
6
7,752.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 6th
10,679.00 kJ / mol
7
9,500.00 kJ / mol
15
tingkat Energy 7
13,310.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
15,250.00 kJ / mol
11
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
17,370.00 kJ / mol
14
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
21,726.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 11
24,102.00 kJ / mol
16
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 12
66,320.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 13
73,010.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 14
80,160.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 15
89,490.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 16
97,400.00 kJ / mol
5
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 17
105,600.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 18
117,000.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 19
124,270.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
0.56 g / amp-day
99+
0.85 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
3.50 eV
31
4.05 eV
26
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
21
99+
40
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 1 4s 2
[Kr] 4d 2 5S 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
21
99+
40
99+
Jumlah Neutron
24
99+
51
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
21
99+
40
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
162.00 pm
26
160.00 pm
27
kovalen Radius
170.00 pm
25
175.00 pm
23
Van der Waals Radius
211.00 pm
25
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
44.96 Amu
99+
91.22 Amu
99+
Volume atom
15.00 cm3 / mol
34
14.10 cm3 / mol
36
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
58.00 (-eV)
24
80.00 (-eV)
18
Constant pola
330.90 pm
99+
323.20 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
7
1.59
8
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
2.99 g / cm 3
99+
6.52 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
2.80 g / cm3
99+
5.80 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
330.00 MPa
12
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
22
ora Sumadhiya
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
91.30 (Pa)
3
0.00 (Pa)
21
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
29.10 GPA
24
33.00 GPA
20
pengaturan akeh
56.60 GPA
21
91.10 GPA
17
Young kang pengaturan
74.40 GPA
26
88.00 GPA
22
Poisson rasio
0.28
18
0.34
10
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
2.99
99+
6.51
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
562.00 nΩ · m
10
421.00 nΩ · m
11
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
18.10 kJ / mol
33
41.10 kJ / mol
27
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.60 J / (kg K)
8
0.27 J / (kg K)
19
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.52 J / mol · K
37
25.36 J / mol · K
99+
doyo termal
15.80 W / m · K
99+
22.60 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
10.20 μm / (m · K)
39
5.70 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
314.20 kJ / mol
28
581.60 kJ / mol
9
Enthalpy saka Fusion
14.10 kJ / mol
25
20.90 kJ / mol
11
Enthalpy saka atomization
343.00 kJ / mol
28
598.00 kJ / mol
10
Standard molar Entropy
34.60 J / mol.K
99+
39.00 J / mol.K
39
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