Nickel mungsuh Hafnium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ni
Hf
Panggil Group
10
8
4
14
Panggil periode
4
6
Block
d block
d block
Family unsur
transisi Metal
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440020
99+
7440586
30
Jeneng papan Group
Fm_ 3M
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Seng logam ketemu (diwenehi) ing akeh formulir kaya granules, foil, bledug lan ing wangun bubuk.
- Sawise wesi, Seng logam kaloro paling akeh ing kerak bumi.
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
History
sing katutup
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Discovery
ing 1751
ing taun 1922
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
6 * 10-3 %
4
7 * 10-8 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.008 %
3
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
1.30 %
3
0.00 %
37
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
15
0.00 %
31
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
13
0.00 %
27
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
14
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Wis resistance karat lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo piring logam.
- wesi banget migunani; alloy Nichrome digunakake ing kumparan panas saka toasters lan open listrik.
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry amunisi
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.05 Sang / mg dm-3
17
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.70 ppm
18
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,453.00 ° C
31
2,150.00 ° C
10
Boiling Point
2,732.00 ° C
38
5,400.00 ° C
5
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Silver
Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
4.00
10
5.50
7
Brinell atose
667.00 MPa
18
1,450.00 MPa
6
Vickers atose
638.00 MPa
16
1,520.00 MPa
5
Kacepetan swara
4,900.00 m / s
12
3,010.00 m / s
27
Properties Optical
reflectivity
72.00 %
9
ora Sumadhiya
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ni
Hf
isotop
Isotop dikenal
25
14
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.91
10
1.30
32
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.94
10
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.75
3
1.23
25
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.88
6
1.16
37
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.09
99+
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
737.10 kJ / mol
25
658.50 kJ / mol
40
Level Energy 2
1,753.00 kJ / mol
25
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
3,395.00 kJ / mol
17
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
5,300.00 kJ / mol
15
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
7,339.00 kJ / mol
15
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
10,400.00 kJ / mol
9
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
12,800.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
15,600.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
18,600.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
21,670.00 kJ / mol
14
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 11
30,970.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 12
34,000.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 13
37,100.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 14
41,500.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 15
44,800.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 16
48,100.00 kJ / mol
12
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 17
55,101.00 kJ / mol
11
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 18
58,570.00 kJ / mol
12
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 19
148,700.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 20
159,000.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 21
169,400.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 22
182,700.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 23rd
194,000.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.10 g / amp-day
99+
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
5.15 eV
2
3.90 eV
27
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
28
99+
72
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 8 4s 2 Utawa [Ar] 3d 9 4s 1
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Nickel.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
28
99+
72
99+
Jumlah Neutron
31
99+
106
29
Jumlah Èlèktron
28
99+
72
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
124.00 pm
99+
159.00 pm
28
kovalen Radius
124.00 pm
99+
175.00 pm
23
Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm
40
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
58.69 Amu
99+
178.49 Amu
39
Volume atom
6.59 cm3 / mol
99+
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
42.00 (-eV)
99+
81.00 (-eV)
16
Constant pola
352.40 pm
99+
319.64 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.58
12
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
8.91 g / cm 3
99+
13.31 g / cm 3
26
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.81 g / cm3
29
12.00 g / cm3
12
Strength tensile
345.00 MPa
11
445.00 MPa
8
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
31
ora Sumadhiya
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
19.50 (Pa)
6
0.00 (Pa)
24
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
76.00 GPA
12
30.00 GPA
23
pengaturan akeh
180.00 GPA
9
110.00 GPA
15
Young kang pengaturan
200.00 GPA
11
78.00 GPA
25
Poisson rasio
0.31
13
0.37
7
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
8.90
33
13.31
18
Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
paramagnetic
permeabilitas
0.00 H / m
2
ora Sumadhiya
kelemahan
600.00
2
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
69.30 nΩ · m
39
331.00 nΩ · m
14
konduktivitas listrik
0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
13
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
elektron Affinity
112.00 kJ / mol
6
0.00 kJ / mol
40
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.44 J / (kg K)
13
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.07 J / mol · K
31
25.73 J / mol · K
36
doyo termal
90.90 W / m · K
18
23.00 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
13.40 μm / (m · K)
28
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
371.80 kJ / mol
20
661.10 kJ / mol
5
Enthalpy saka Fusion
17.57 kJ / mol
14
25.10 kJ / mol
8
Enthalpy saka atomization
422.60 kJ / mol
17
703.00 kJ / mol
5
Standard molar Entropy
29.90 J / mol.K
99+
43.60 J / mol.K
34
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