Niobium mungsuh Hafnium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Nb
Hf
Panggil Group
5
13
4
14
Panggil periode
5
6
Block
d block
d block
Family unsur
transisi Metal
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440031
99+
7440586
30
Jeneng papan Group
3M Im_
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- metal Niobium iki digunakake kanggo njaluk disebut Columbium ing past.
- metal Niobium ketemu ing alam bebas (turah mbrawah).
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
sumber
Miturut-produk saka Tin Extraction, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
History
sing katutup
Charles Hatchett
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Discovery
ing taun 1801
ing taun 1922
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
7 * 10-8 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000004 %
23
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
35
0.00 %
37
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
25
0.00 %
31
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
27
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry amunisi
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
Low Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
25
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.07 ppm
25
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
2,468.00 ° C
6
2,150.00 ° C
10
Boiling Point
2,468.00 ° C
99+
5,400.00 ° C
5
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
6.00
6
5.50
7
Brinell atose
735.00 MPa
14
1,450.00 MPa
6
Vickers atose
870.00 MPa
12
1,520.00 MPa
5
Kacepetan swara
3,480.00 m / s
21
3,010.00 m / s
27
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Nb
Hf
isotop
Isotop dikenal
17
22
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.60
23
1.30
32
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.42
16
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.23
25
1.23
25
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.41
31
1.16
37
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.40
31
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
652.10 kJ / mol
99+
658.50 kJ / mol
40
Level Energy 2
1,380.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,416.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
3,700.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
4,877.00 kJ / mol
36
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
9,847.00 kJ / mol
11
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
12,100.00 kJ / mol
14
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
0.69 g / amp-day
99+
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
4.30 eV
18
3.90 eV
27
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
41
99+
72
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 4 5S 1
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
41
99+
72
99+
Jumlah Neutron
52
99+
106
29
Jumlah Èlèktron
41
99+
72
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
146.00 pm
35
159.00 pm
28
kovalen Radius
164.00 pm
28
175.00 pm
23
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
92.91 Amu
99+
178.49 Amu
39
Volume atom
10.87 cm3 / mol
99+
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
104.00 (-eV)
8
81.00 (-eV)
16
Constant pola
330.04 pm
99+
319.64 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.58
12
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
8.57 g / cm 3
99+
13.31 g / cm 3
26
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
ora Sumadhiya
12.00 g / cm3
12
Strength tensile
330.00 MPa
12
445.00 MPa
8
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
27
0.00 (Pa)
24
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
38.00 GPA
19
30.00 GPA
23
pengaturan akeh
170.00 GPA
10
110.00 GPA
15
Young kang pengaturan
105.00 GPA
20
78.00 GPA
25
Poisson rasio
0.40
4
0.37
7
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
8.57
37
13.31
18
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
152.00 nΩ · m
23
331.00 nΩ · m
14
konduktivitas listrik
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
28
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
elektron Affinity
86.10 kJ / mol
12
0.00 kJ / mol
40
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.26 J / (kg K)
20
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
Graham Kapasitas kalor
24.60 J / mol · K
99+
25.73 J / mol · K
36
doyo termal
53.70 W / m · K
29
23.00 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
7.30 μm / (m · K)
99+
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
696.60 kJ / mol
4
661.10 kJ / mol
5
Enthalpy saka Fusion
27.20 kJ / mol
6
25.10 kJ / mol
8
Enthalpy saka atomization
745.00 kJ / mol
4
703.00 kJ / mol
5
Standard molar Entropy
36.40 J / mol.K
99+
43.60 J / mol.K
34
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