polonium mungsuh Hafnium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Po
Hf
Panggil Group
16
2
4
14
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
p pemblokiran
d block
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440086
99+
7440586
30
Jeneng papan Group
Pm-3M
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
221.00
3
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Polonium unsur radioaktif sing pisanan ditemokaké.
- unsur polonium lan senyawa Highly radioaktif.
- Sawijining logam campuran karo Beryllium menehi sumber neutron.
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
sumber
Mining, Ores logam
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
History
sing katutup
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Discovery
ing taun 1898
ing taun 1922
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
ora Sumadhiya
7 * 10-8 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
37
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
31
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
27
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Polonium logam allotropes beda, kang digunakake ing piranti antistatic lan kanggo riset waé.
- A 1 gram saka Polonium bisa tekan suhu 500 ° C, Empu kang digunakake minangka sumber panas kanggo peralatan papan.
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi
Industry amunisi
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ora
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
37
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.00 ppm
36
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
254.00 ° C
99+
2,150.00 ° C
10
Boiling Point
962.00 ° C
99+
5,400.00 ° C
5
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Silver
Gray
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
5.50
7
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
1,450.00 MPa
6
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
1,520.00 MPa
5
Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiya
3,010.00 m / s
27
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ya
Ora
α allotropes
α-polonium
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
β-polonium
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Po
Hf
isotop
Isotop dikenal
29
10
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
2.00
7
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.76
2
1.23
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.48
1
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
2.19
2
1.16
37
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00
99+
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
812.10 kJ / mol
14
658.50 kJ / mol
40
Level Energy 2
ora Sumadhiya
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
ora Sumadhiya
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
padha karo elektrokimia
3.90 g / amp-day
8
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya
3.90 eV
27
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
84
32
72
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 4
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Pénguapan (Mon)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
84
32
72
99+
Jumlah Neutron
125
19
106
29
Jumlah Èlèktron
84
32
72
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
168.00 pm
23
159.00 pm
28
kovalen Radius
140.00 pm
99+
175.00 pm
23
Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm
29
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
209.00 Amu
28
178.49 Amu
39
Volume atom
22.23 cm3 / mol
13
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
ora Sumadhiya
81.00 (-eV)
16
Constant pola
335.90 pm
99+
319.64 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.58
12
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.20 g / cm 3
99+
13.31 g / cm 3
26
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
9.40 g / cm3
19
12.00 g / cm3
12
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
445.00 MPa
8
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
24
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
30.00 GPA
23
pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya
110.00 GPA
15
Young kang pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
78.00 GPA
25
Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya
0.37
7
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
9.32
31
13.31
18
Nindakake Magnetic
nonmagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
0.40 nΩ · m
99+
331.00 nΩ · m
14
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
elektron Affinity
183.30 kJ / mol
3
0.00 kJ / mol
40
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.12 J / (kg K)
40
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.40 J / mol · K
28
25.73 J / mol · K
36
doyo termal
20.00 W / m · K
99+
23.00 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
23.50 μm / (m · K)
16
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
60.30 kJ / mol
99+
661.10 kJ / mol
5
Enthalpy saka Fusion
13.00 kJ / mol
26
25.10 kJ / mol
8
Enthalpy saka atomization
134.00 kJ / mol
99+
703.00 kJ / mol
5
Standard molar Entropy
ora Sumadhiya
43.60 J / mol.K
34
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