Indium vs Plutonium
Periodic Table
Symbol
In
Pu
Group Number
13
5
0
18
Period Number
5
7
Block
p block
f block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
CAS Number
7440746
17
7440075
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm
P121/m1
Space Group Number
139.00
8
11.00
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Discovery
In 1863
In Between 1940 1941
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-8 %
28
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %
23
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
- It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
Medical Research
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
156.61 °C
99+
639.50 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,000.00 °C
99+
3,235.00 °C
24
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.20
20
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
8.80 MPa
99+
Not Available
Speed of Sound
1,215.00 m/s
99+
2,260.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
In
Pu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
20
19
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.78
16
1.28
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.14
8
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.49
13
1.22
26
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.76
10
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.66
18
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.22
38
2.72
21
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol
99+
584.70 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,820.70 kJ/mol
18
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,704.00 kJ/mol
39
2,084.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
5,210.00 kJ/mol
17
3,338.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.43 g/amp-hr
99+
2.28 g/amp-hr
22
Electron Work Function
4.12 eV
24
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
49
99+
94
24
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
49
99+
94
24
Number of Neutrons
66
99+
150
11
Number of Electrons
49
99+
94
24
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
167.00 pm
24
159.00 pm
28
Covalent Radius
142.00 pm
99+
187.00 pm
20
Van der Waals Radius
193.00 pm
31
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
114.82 amu
99+
244.00 amu
19
Atomic Volume
15.70 cm3/mol
33
12.32 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
54.00 (-eV)
25
64.90 (-eV)
21
Lattice Constant
325.23 pm
99+
618.30 pm
4
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.31 g/cm3
99+
19.82 g/cm3
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.02 g/cm3
33
16.63 g/cm3
8
Tensile Strength
2.50 MPa
21
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.01 (Pa)
11
0.00 (Pa)
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
2.20 (Pa)
12
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
43.00 GPa
18
Young's Modulus
11.00 GPa
99+
96.00 GPa
21
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.21
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.31
99+
19.84
7
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
83.70 nΩ·m
34
1.46 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.12 106/cm Ω
17
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/mol
31
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
27
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K
25
35.50 J/mol·K
3
Thermal Conductivity
81.80 W/m·K
21
6.74 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
32.10 µm/(m·K)
9
46.70 µm/(m·K)
6
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
226.40 kJ/mol
40
344.00 kJ/mol
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.28 kJ/mol
99+
2.82 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
242.70 kJ/mol
99+
360.00 kJ/mol
26
Standard Molar Entropy
57.80 J/mol.K
22
Not Available
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