Iridium vs Aluminium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir
Al
Group Number
9
9
13
5
Period Number
6
3
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7439885
99+
7429905
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
- Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Hans Christian Oersted
Discovery
In 1803
In 1825
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
5 * 10-3 %
5
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.006 %
5
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
29
0.91 %
5
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
8.10 %
1
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
6
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3
9
In Bone
Not Available
27.00 p.p.m.
11
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C
7
660.37 °C
99+
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C
10
2,467.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.50
5
2.75
13
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa
5
160.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa
3
160.00 MPa
35
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s
13
5,000.00 m/s
10
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
78.00 %
6
71.00 %
10
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ir
Al
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
5
11
27
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20
4
1.61
22
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.71
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55
11
1.47
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.83
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.68
17
1.61
20
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80
99+
2.39
32
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol
9
577.50 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol
35
1,816.70 kJ/mol
19
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,744.80 kJ/mol
38
4th Energy Level
Not Available
11,577.00 kJ/mol
3
5th Energy Level
Not Available
14,842.00 kJ/mol
2
6th Energy Level
Not Available
18,379.00 kJ/mol
2
7th Energy level
Not Available
23,326.00 kJ/mol
2
8th Energy Level
Not Available
27,465.00 kJ/mol
2
9th Energy Level
Not Available
31,853.00 kJ/mol
2
10th Energy Level
Not Available
38,473.00 kJ/mol
4
11th Energy Level
Not Available
42,647.00 kJ/mol
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
0.34 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV
13
4.28 eV
19
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
77
39
13
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
74
99+
13
99+
Number of Neutrons
110
27
14
99+
Number of Electrons
74
99+
13
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm
99+
143.00 pm
37
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm
99+
121.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm
27
184.00 pm
34
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu
34
26.98 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
10.00 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)
5
80.70 (-eV)
17
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm
26
404.95 pm
22
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3
10
2.70 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3
3
2.38 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa
2
40.00 MPa
19
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
18
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
25
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa
2
26.00 GPa
29
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa
3
76.00 GPa
18
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa
1
70.00 GPa
28
Poisson Ratio
0.26
22
0.35
9
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.78
3
2.72
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
4
Susceptibility
Not Available
0.00
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m
99+
28.20 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
0.38 106/cm Ω
4
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol
4
42.50 kJ/mol
26
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.90 J/(kg K)
5
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
24.20 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K
10
237.00 W/m·K
4
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)
99+
23.10 µm/(m·K)
17
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol
1
293.70 kJ/mol
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol
1
10.67 kJ/mol
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol
1
322.20 kJ/mol
31
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K
99+
28.30 J/mol.K
99+
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