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Cobalt
Cobalt

Cupru
Cupru



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Cobalt
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Cupru

Cobalt vs Cupru

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1 Tabelul periodic
1.1 Simbol
Co
Cu
1.2 Număr grup
Tennessine Metal
9
Rank: 9 (Overall)
11
Rank: 7 (Overall)
gadoliniu Metal
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1.3 perioada Număr
Uraniu Metal
4
Rank: 4 (Overall)
4
Rank: 4 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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1.4 bloc
d block
d block
1.5 Element de familie
metal de tranziție
metal de tranziție
1.6 Numărul CAS
roentgeniu Metal
7440484
Rank: 38 (Overall)
7440508
Rank: 37 (Overall)
Aluminiu Metal
1.7 Nume grup spațiu
P63 / mmc
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Număr spațiu grup
Sodiu Metal
194,00
Rank: 5 (Overall)
225,00
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Plutoniu Metal
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2 Fapte
2.1 Fapte interesante
Character length exceed error
  • Cupru rar găsit în forma sa pură în natură.
  • Sulfat de cupru este folosit mai ales în otravă agricole și ca un algicid în sistemul de purificare a apei.
2.2 surse
S-au găsit în Compuși, Minerit, Minereurile de minerale
S-au găsit în minerale
2.3 Istorie
2.3.1 care a descoperit
Georg Brandt
Unknown
2.3.2 Descoperire
în 1732
În Orientul Mijlociu (9000 î.Hr.)
2.4 Abundenţă
2.4.1 Abundenței În Universul
Fier Metal
3 * 10-4 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
6 * 10-6 %
Rank: 12 (Overall)
taliu Metal
2.4.2 Abundenței În Soare
Fier Metal
~0.0004 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
~0.00007 %
Rank: 12 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
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2.4.3 Abundenței În Meteoriți
Fier Metal
0,06 %
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0,01 %
Rank: 13 (Overall)
Aur Metal
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2.4.4 Abundenței în scoarța Pământului
Aluminiu Metal
0,00 %
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0,01 %
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Radiu Metal
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2.4.5 Abundenței în oceanele
Sodiu Metal
0,00 %
Rank: 20 (Overall)
0,00 %
Rank: 8 (Overall)
protactiniu Metal
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2.4.6 Abundenței la om
Calciu Metal
0,00 %
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0,00 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Radiu Metal
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3 utilizări
3.1 Utilizări și beneficii
  • aliajele sale cu aluminiu și nichel sunt utilizate pentru a face magneți puternici.
  • Puține alte aliaje prezintă rezistență la temperaturi ridicate și, prin urmare, acestea sunt utilizate în turbinele cu motor Jet și gaze.
Character length exceed error
3.1.1 Utilizări industriale
Industria chimica, industria electrotehnică, industria electronică
Industria chimica, industria electronică
3.1.2 Utilizări medicale
Industria farmaceutica
N / A
3.1.3 alte utilizări
Aliaje
Aliaje, sistem monetar, Bijuterii
3.2 Proprietățile biologice
3.2.1 Toxicitate
Toxic
non Toxic
3.2.2 Prezent în corpul uman
da
da
3.2.3 in Blood
Sodiu Metal
0,04 Sânge / mg dm-3
Rank: 18 (Overall)
1,01 Sânge / mg dm-3
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Plutoniu Metal
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3.2.4 in Bone
Calciu Metal
0,04 ppm
Rank: 27 (Overall)
26,00 ppm
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Plutoniu Metal
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4 Fizic
4.1 Punct de topire
Tungsten Metal
1.495,00 ° C
Rank: 29 (Overall)
1.084,62 ° C
Rank: 40 (Overall)
franciu Metal
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4.2 Punct de fierbere
Tungsten Metal
2.870,00 ° C
Rank: 34 (Overall)
2.562,00 ° C
Rank: 43 (Overall)
Fleroviu Metal
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4.3 Aspect
4.3.1 Stare fizică
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Culoare
Gri
Cupru
4.3.3 Luciu
Metalic
N / A
4.4 Duritate
4.4.1 Mohs Duritate
Crom Metal
5,00
Rank: 8 (Overall)
3,00
Rank: 12 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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4.4.2 Duritatea Brinell
Osmiu Metal
470,00 MPa
Rank: 26 (Overall)
235,00 MPa
Rank: 38 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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4.4.3 Duritatea Vickers
Tungsten Metal
1.043,00 MPa
Rank: 11 (Overall)
343,00 MPa
Rank: 28 (Overall)
Paladiu Metal
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4.5 Viteza sunetului
tehnețiu Metal
4.720,00 Domnișoară
Rank: 14 (Overall)
3.810,00 Domnișoară
Rank: 19 (Overall)
taliu Metal
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4.6 Proprietăți optice
4.6.1 Indicele de refractie
Paladiu Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercur Metal
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4.6.2 reflexiei
Argint Metal
67,00 %
Rank: 11 (Overall)
90,00 %
Rank: 3 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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4.7 forme alotropice
da
Nu
4.7.1 alfa forme alotropice
α-Cobalt
Nu e disponibil
4.7.2 p forme alotropice
β-Cobalt
Nu e disponibil
4.7.3 y forme alotropice
Nu e disponibil
Nu e disponibil
5 Chimic
5.1 Formula chimica
Co
Cu
5.2 izotopii
5.2.1 Izotopi cunoscute
Paladiu Metal
26
Rank: 13 (Overall)
29
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Tennessine Metal
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5.3 Electronegativitate
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativitate
Aur Metal
1,88
Rank: 12 (Overall)
1,90
Rank: 11 (Overall)
franciu Metal
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5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativitate
Cobalt Metal
2,56
Rank: 1 (Overall)
1,98
Rank: 9 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativitate
Galiu Metal
1,70
Rank: 5 (Overall)
1,75
Rank: 3 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativitate
Poloniu Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
1,49
Rank: 14 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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5.3.5 Allen Electronegativitate
berkelium Metal
1,84
Rank: 10 (Overall)
1,85
Rank: 9 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
franciu Metal
2,12
Rank: 41 (Overall)
2,10
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Aur Metal
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5.5 Energiile ionizarea
5.5.1 Primul nivel de energie
Crom Metal
760,40 kJ / mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
745,50 kJ / mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
5.5.2 Nivelul 2 Energie
Crom Metal
1.648,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
1.957,90 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Ruteniu Metal
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5.5.3 3rd Level Energy
Crom Metal
3.232,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
3.555,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Osmiu Metal
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5.5.4 4a Nivel de energie
Crom Metal
4.950,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
5.536,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
toriu Metal
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5.5.5 A 5 Nivel de energie
Crom Metal
7.670,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
7.700,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Dubnium Metal
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5.5.6 A 6 Nivel de energie
Crom Metal
9.840,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
9.900,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 10 (Overall)
seaborgiu Metal
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5.5.7 Nivelul de energie al 7-lea
Crom Metal
12.440,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
13.400,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
bohrium Metal
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5.5.8 A 8-Level Energy
Crom Metal
15.230,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
16.000,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
hassiu Metal
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5.5.9 Al 9-lea nivel de energie
Crom Metal
17.959,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 13 (Overall)
19.200,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
itriu Metal
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5.5.10 A 10 Nivel de energie
Crom Metal
26.570,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
22.400,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Stronţiu Metal
5.5.11 11 Nivelul de energie
Magneziu Metal
29.400,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
25.600,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 13 (Overall)
itriu Metal
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5.5.12 12 Nivelul de energie
Magneziu Metal
32.400,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
35.600,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.13 13 Nivel de energie
Titan Metal
36.600,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
38.700,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.14 14 Nivel de energie
vanadiu Metal
39.700,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
42.000,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.15 15 Nivel de energie
Crom Metal
42.800,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
46.700,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Mangan Metal
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5.5.16 16 Nivelul de energie
Mangan Metal
49.396,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
50.200,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Fier Metal
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5.5.17 17 Nivelul de energie
Fier Metal
52.737,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 13 (Overall)
53.700,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Cobalt Metal
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5.5.18 18 Nivelul de energie
Cobalt Metal
134.810,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
61.100,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Nichel Metal
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5.5.19 19 Nivel de energie
Nichel Metal
145.170,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 2 (Overall)
64.702,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Cupru Metal
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5.5.20 20 Nivelul de energie
Zinc Metal
154.700,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
163.700,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 2 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.21 21 Nivelul de energie
Zinc Metal
167.400,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
174.100,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 2 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.22 22 Nivelul de energie
Cupru Metal
178.100,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
184.900,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.23 23 Nivelul de energie
Cupru Metal
189.300,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
198.800,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.24 24 Nivelul de energie
Fier Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
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5.5.25 25 Nivelul de energie
molibdenul Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
5.5.26 26 Nivelul de energie
molibdenul Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
5.5.27 27 Nivelul de energie
molibdenul Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
5.5.28 28 Nivelul de energie
molibdenul Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
5.5.29 29 Nivelul de energie
molibdenul Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: 100 (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
5.5.30 30 Nivelul de energie
molibdenul Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molibdenul Metal
5.6 echivalent electrochimică
franciu Metal
1,10 g / amp-hr
Rank: 57 (Overall)
1,19 g / amp-hr
Rank: 53 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
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5.7 Funcția de electroni de lucru
Platină Metal
5,00 eV
Rank: 5 (Overall)
4,65 eV
Rank: 11 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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5.8 Celelalte proprietăți chimice
Stabilitate chimică, ionizarea
Stabilitate chimică, Coroziune, ionizarea, Solubilitate
6 Atomic
6.1 Numar atomic
Tennessine Metal
22
Rank: 84 (Overall)
29
Rank: 78 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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6.2 Configuratie electronica
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
6.3 Structura de cristal
Hexagonala Închide Ambalat (HCP)
Centrat cilindrică se confruntă cu (FCC)
6.3.1 rețelei de cristal
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Numărul de Protonii
Tennessine Metal
22
Rank: 83 (Overall)
29
Rank: 77 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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6.4.2 Numărul de Neutronii
Fleroviu Metal
26
Rank: 62 (Overall)
35
Rank: 58 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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6.4.3 Numărul de Electronii
Tennessine Metal
22
Rank: 83 (Overall)
29
Rank: 77 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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6.5 Raza unui Atom
6.5.1 Raza atomică
cesiu Metal
147,00 p.m
Rank: 34 (Overall)
128,00 p.m
Rank: 46 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
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6.5.2 Raza covalentă
franciu Metal
160,00 p.m
Rank: 30 (Overall)
132,00 p.m
Rank: 48 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
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6.5.3 Van der Waals Raza
franciu Metal
200,00 p.m
Rank: 28 (Overall)
140,00 p.m
Rank: 44 (Overall)
Zinc Metal
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6.6 Greutate atomica
Tennessine Metal
47,87 amu
Rank: 78 (Overall)
63,55 amu
Rank: 72 (Overall)
litiu Metal
6.7 volum atomic
cesiu Metal
10,64 cm3 / mol
Rank: 46 (Overall)
7,10 cm3 / mol
Rank: 61 (Overall)
Mangan Metal
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6.8 Numere atomice adiacente
6.8.1 Elementul precedent
6.8.2 Elementul următor
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
Platină Metal
95,20 (-EV)
Rank: 10 (Overall)
34,00 (-EV)
Rank: 50 (Overall)
franciu Metal
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6.10 Constant zabrele
Mangan Metal
295,08 p.m
Rank: 61 (Overall)
361,49 p.m
Rank: 35 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
6.11 zabrele Unghiuri
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 C latice / A Ratio
cadmiu Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
beriliului Metal
7 Mecanic
7.1 Densitate
7.1.1 Densitatea la temperatura camerei
hassiu Metal
4,51 g / cm3
Rank: 70 (Overall)
8,96 g / cm3
Rank: 43 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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7.1.2 Densitate Când lichid (la mp)
Osmiu Metal
4,11 g / cm3
Rank: 49 (Overall)
8,02 g / cm3
Rank: 27 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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7.2 Rezistență la tracțiune
Fier Metal
434,00 MPa
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
indiu Metal
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7.3 Viscozitate
Mercur Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercur Metal
7.4 Presiunea de vapori
7.4.1 Presiunea de vapori la 1000 K
Stronţiu Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
1,53 (Pa)
Rank: 8 (Overall)
ceriu Metal
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7.4.2 Presiunea de vapori la 2000 K
Crom Metal
0,98 (Pa)
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Tungsten Metal
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7.5 Proprietățile elasticitate
7.5.1 shear Modulus
Osmiu Metal
44,00 GPa
Rank: 17 (Overall)
48,00 GPa
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Potasiu Metal
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7.5.2 Modulus în vrac
Osmiu Metal
110,00 GPa
Rank: 15 (Overall)
140,00 GPa
Rank: 12 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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7.5.3 Modulul lui Young
Iridiu Metal
116,00 GPa
Rank: 18 (Overall)
120,00 GPa
Rank: 17 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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7.6 poisson Raportul
Galiu Metal
0,32
Rank: 12 (Overall)
0,34
Rank: 10 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
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7.7 Alte proprietăți mecanice
Ductil
Ductil, Maleabil
8 Magnetic
8.1 Caracteristici magnetice
8.1.1 Gravitație specifică
Cobalt Metal
4.500,00
Rank: 1 (Overall)
8,89
Rank: 34 (Overall)
litiu Metal
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8.1.2 Comenzi magnetice
paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
8.1.3 Permeabilitate
Fier Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
1.256629 * 10-6 H / m
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Bismut Metal
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8.1.4 Susceptibil
Fier Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
-9.63 * 10-6
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Bismut Metal
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8.2 Proprietăți electrice
8.2.1 Domeniul imobilier electrice
conductor slab
Conductor
8.2.2 Rezistivitatea
Mercur Metal
420,00 nΩ · m
Rank: 12 (Overall)
16,78 nΩ · m
Rank: 50 (Overall)
taliu Metal
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8.2.3 Conductivitate electrică
Argint Metal
0,02 10 6 / cm Ω
Rank: 42 (Overall)
0,60 10 6 / cm Ω
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Plutoniu Metal
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8.2.4 electron afinitate
Aur Metal
7,60 kJ / mol
Rank: 37 (Overall)
222,80 kJ / mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Mercur Metal
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9 Termic
9.1 Căldura specifică
litiu Metal
0,52 J / (kg K)
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0,38 J / (kg K)
Rank: 15 (Overall)
americiu Metal
ADD ⊕
9.2 Molara Capacitatea de căldură
americiu Metal
25,06 J / mol · K
Rank: 44 (Overall)
24,44 J / mol · K
Rank: 51 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
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9.3 Conductivitate termică
Argint Metal
21,90 W / m · K
Rank: 43 (Overall)
401,00 W / m · K
Rank: 2 (Overall)
neptuniu Metal
ADD ⊕
9.4 Temperatura critică
litiu Metal
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nu e disponibil
Rank: N/A (Overall)
yterbiu Metal
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9.5 Expansiunea termică
cesiu Metal
8,60 pm / (m · K)
Rank: 45 (Overall)
16,50 pm / (m · K)
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Tungsten Metal
ADD ⊕
9.6 entalpia
9.6.1 Entalpia de Vaporizarea
Tungsten Metal
429,00 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
283,70 kJ / mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Zinc Metal
ADD ⊕
9.6.2 Entalpie Fusion
Tungsten Metal
15,48 kJ / mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
7,11 kJ / mol
Rank: 46 (Overall)
cesiu Metal
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9.6.3 Entalpie de atomizare
Tungsten Metal
468,60 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
338,90 kJ / mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
Mercur Metal
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9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
protactiniu Met..
27,30 J / mol.K
Rank: 56 (Overall)
33,20 J / mol.K
Rank: 45 (Overall)
beriliului Metal
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