Ytterbium vs Iron
Periodic Table
Symbol
Yb
Fe
Group Number
Not Available
8
10
Period Number
6
4
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440644
26
7439896
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
- Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
- Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
- The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Unknown
Discovery
In 1878
Before 5000 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
1.1 * 10-1 %
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.1 %
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
36
22.00 %
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
33
6.30 %
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
37
0.00 %
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.01 %
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
- Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
- Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3
3
In Bone
Not Available
380.00 p.p.m.
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
824.00 °C
99+
1,535.00 °C
25
Boiling Point
1,196.00 °C
99+
2,750.00 °C
37
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
4.00
10
Brinell Hardness
343.00 MPa
31
200.00 MPa
40
Vickers Hardness
206.00 MPa
33
608.00 MPa
18
Speed of Sound
1,590.00 m/s
99+
5,120.00 m/s
8
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
65.00 %
12
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Ferrite (alpha Iron)
β Allotropes
Not Available
beta Iron
γ Allotropes
Not Available
gamma Iron
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Yb
Fe
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
9
26
13
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
1.83
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.20
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.06
33
1.64
8
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.80
12
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
2.17
40
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol
99+
762.50 kJ/mol
17
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol
36
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol
29
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol
31
5,290.00 kJ/mol
16
5th Energy Level
Not Available
7,240.00 kJ/mol
16
6th Energy Level
Not Available
9,560.00 kJ/mol
14
7th Energy level
Not Available
12,060.00 kJ/mol
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available
14,580.00 kJ/mol
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available
22,540.00 kJ/mol
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available
25,290.00 kJ/mol
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available
28,000.00 kJ/mol
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available
31,920.00 kJ/mol
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available
34,830.00 kJ/mol
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available
37,840.00 kJ/mol
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available
44,100.00 kJ/mol
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available
47,206.00 kJ/mol
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available
122,200.00 kJ/mol
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available
131,000.00 kJ/mol
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available
140,500.00 kJ/mol
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available
152,600.00 kJ/mol
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available
163,000.00 kJ/mol
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
173,600.00 kJ/mol
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
188,100.00 kJ/mol
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available
195,200.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.15 g/amp-hr
25
0.69 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.70 eV
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
70
99+
26
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 6s2
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Ytterbium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
70
99+
26
99+
Number of Neutrons
103
31
30
99+
Number of Electrons
70
99+
26
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm
18
126.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm
20
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
242.00 pm
12
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
173.05 amu
99+
55.85 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
24.79 cm3/mol
9
7.10 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
50.30 (-eV)
27
67.00 (-eV)
20
Lattice Constant
548.47 pm
11
286.65 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.90 g/cm3
99+
7.87 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.21 g/cm3
99+
6.98 g/cm3
35
Tensile Strength
58.00 MPa
18
11,000.00 MPa
1
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
36.80 (Pa)
5
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
9.90 GPa
99+
82.00 GPa
11
Bulk Modulus
30.50 GPa
39
170.00 GPa
10
Young's Modulus
23.90 GPa
99+
211.00 GPa
9
Poisson Ratio
0.21
33
0.29
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.97
99+
7.20
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
6.3 * 10-3 H/m
1
Susceptibility
Not Available
2,00,000.00
1
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.25 nΩ·m
99+
96.10 nΩ·m
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω
38
0.10 106/cm Ω
20
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
15.70 kJ/mol
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)
36
0.44 J/(kg K)
13
Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K
25
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
38.50 W/m·K
35
80.40 W/m·K
22
Critical Temperature
26.30 K
7
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
26.30 µm/(m·K)
14
11.80 µm/(m·K)
33
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.90 kJ/mol
99+
351.00 kJ/mol
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol
99+
14.90 kJ/mol
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol
99+
414.20 kJ/mol
19
Standard Molar Entropy
59.90 J/mol.K
21
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
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