Bismuth vs Fermium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi
Fm
Group Number
15
3
Not Available
Period Number
6
7
Block
p block
f block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
CAS Number
7440699
22
7440724
19
Space Group Name
C12/m1
Not Available
Space Group Number
12.00
12
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
- It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
- Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
- Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Discovery
In 1753
In 1952
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %
14
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
24
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
- Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Unknown
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3
20
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.
22
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C
99+
1,527.00 °C
26
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C
99+
Not Available
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Unknown
Luster
Metallic
Not Defined
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.25
15
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa
99+
Not Available
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s
99+
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi
Fm
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
18
21
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02
6
1.30
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34
3
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67
6
1.20
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15
4
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
2.01
4
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98
99+
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol
35
627.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol
33
1,225.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,363.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol
28
3,792.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol
30
Not Available
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol
19
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr
19
3.20 g/amp-hr
13
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV
22
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83
33
100
18
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
[Rn] 5f12 7s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Not Known
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
83
33
100
18
Number of Neutrons
126
18
157
7
Number of Electrons
83
33
100
18
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm
29
Not Available
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm
36
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm
26
245.00 pm
9
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu
29
257.00 amu
15
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol
14
Not Available
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)
99+
Not Available
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm
2
Not Available
Lattice Angles
NA
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3
39
Not Available
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3
18
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa
99+
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa
38
Not Available
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa
99+
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.33
11
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.79
30
Not Available
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Unknown
Permeability
0.00 H/m
6
Not Available
Susceptibility
0.00
6
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Unknown
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m
99+
Not Available
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K
37
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K
99+
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)
28
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol
33
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K
24
Not Available
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