Strontium vs Copper
Periodic Table
Symbol
Sr
Cu
Group Number
2
16
11
7
Period Number
5
4
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440246
99+
7440508
37
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
- Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
- Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
- Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals
History
Who Discovered
William Cruickshank
Unknown
Discovery
In 1787
In Middle East (9000 BCE)
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-6 %
14
6 * 10-6 %
12
Abundance In Sun
~0.000005 %
15
~0.00007 %
12
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
15
0.01 %
13
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.04 %
10
0.01 %
17
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
4
0.00 %
8
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
7
0.00 %
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
- By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
- It is use for coinage and bullion.
- Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3
19
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3
8
In Bone
140.00 p.p.m.
7
26.00 p.p.m.
12
Physical Properties
Melting Point
769.00 °C
99+
1,084.62 °C
40
Boiling Point
1,384.00 °C
99+
2,562.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Copper
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
18
3.00
12
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
235.00 MPa
38
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
343.00 MPa
28
Speed of Sound
Not Available
3,810.00 m/s
19
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
90.00 %
3
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sr
Cu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
27
12
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.95
99+
1.90
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.72
27
1.98
9
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.99
37
1.75
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.00
18
1.49
14
Allen Electronegativity
0.96
40
1.85
9
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.05
7
2.10
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol
99+
745.50 kJ/mol
22
2nd Energy Level
1,064.20 kJ/mol
99+
1,957.90 kJ/mol
15
3rd Energy Level
4,138.00 kJ/mol
10
3,555.00 kJ/mol
15
4th Energy Level
5,500.00 kJ/mol
13
5,536.00 kJ/mol
12
5th Energy Level
6,910.00 kJ/mol
18
7,700.00 kJ/mol
11
6th Energy Level
8,760.00 kJ/mol
18
9,900.00 kJ/mol
10
7th Energy level
10,230.00 kJ/mol
19
13,400.00 kJ/mol
7
8th Energy Level
11,800.00 kJ/mol
19
16,000.00 kJ/mol
9
9th Energy Level
15,600.00 kJ/mol
17
19,200.00 kJ/mol
9
10th Energy Level
17,100.00 kJ/mol
19
22,400.00 kJ/mol
11
11th Energy Level
31,270.00 kJ/mol
6
25,600.00 kJ/mol
13
12th Energy Level
Not Available
35,600.00 kJ/mol
6
13th Energy Level
Not Available
38,700.00 kJ/mol
6
14th Energy Level
Not Available
42,000.00 kJ/mol
7
15th Energy Level
Not Available
46,700.00 kJ/mol
9
16th Energy Level
Not Available
50,200.00 kJ/mol
10
17th Energy Level
Not Available
53,700.00 kJ/mol
12
18th Energy Level
Not Available
61,100.00 kJ/mol
10
19th Energy Level
Not Available
64,702.00 kJ/mol
11
20th Energy Level
Not Available
163,700.00 kJ/mol
2
21st Energy Level
Not Available
174,100.00 kJ/mol
2
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
184,900.00 kJ/mol
1
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
198,800.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.64 g/amp-hr
99+
1.19 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.59 eV
99+
4.65 eV
11
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
38
99+
29
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Strontium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
38
99+
29
99+
Number of Neutrons
50
99+
35
99+
Number of Electrons
38
99+
29
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
215.00 pm
5
128.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
195.00 pm
15
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
249.00 pm
7
140.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
87.62 amu
99+
63.55 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
33.70 cm3/mol
6
7.10 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
25.70 (-eV)
99+
34.00 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
608.49 pm
6
361.49 pm
35
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
2.64 g/cm3
99+
8.96 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3
99+
8.02 g/cm3
27
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
121.00 (Pa)
1
1.53 (Pa)
8
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
6.03 GPa
99+
48.00 GPa
15
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
140.00 GPa
12
Young's Modulus
15.70 GPa
99+
120.00 GPa
17
Poisson Ratio
0.28
17
0.34
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
2.64
99+
8.89
34
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
1.256629 * 10-6 H/m
5
Susceptibility
Not Available
-9.63 * 10-6
4
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
Resistivity
132.00 nΩ·m
24
16.78 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω
26
0.60 106/cm Ω
2
Electron Affinity
5.03 kJ/mol
38
222.80 kJ/mol
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)
18
0.38 J/(kg K)
15
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K
28
24.44 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
35.40 W/m·K
37
401.00 W/m·K
2
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
22.50 µm/(m·K)
18
16.50 µm/(m·K)
25
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol
99+
283.70 kJ/mol
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.16 kJ/mol
38
7.11 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.20 kJ/mol
99+
338.90 kJ/mol
29
Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K
26
33.20 J/mol.K
99+
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