1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
744040622537195
7429905
54386242
1.8 Space Group Name
1.9 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
- It is synthetically produced metal.
- Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
2.2 Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.2.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
3.2.3 Abundance In Meteorites
3.3.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.3.4 Abundance In Oceans
3.3.5 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
- Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.2.5 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
986.00 °C1,627.00 °C
27
3410
5.3 Boiling Point
5.5 Appearance
5.5.1 Physical State
5.5.2 Color
5.5.3 Luster
5.6 Hardness
5.6.1 Mohs Hardness
5.6.3 Brinell Hardness
5.6.5 Vickers Hardness
5.7 Speed of Sound
5.8 Optical Properties
5.8.1 Refractive Index
5.8.3 Reflectivity
5.9 Allotropes
5.9.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.9.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.9.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.3 Electronegativity
6.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
6.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
6.3.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
6.3.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
6.3.9 Allen Electronegativity
6.4 Electropositivity
6.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
6.5 Ionization Energies
6.5.1 1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol470.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.5.3 2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol1,428.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.5.5 3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol2,228.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.5.7 4th Energy Level
3,434.00 kJ/mol4,910.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
6.5.9 5th Energy Level
6.5.11 6th Energy Level
6.5.13 7th Energy level
6.5.15 8th Energy Level
6.5.17 9th Energy Level
6.5.19 10th Energy Level
6.5.22 11th Energy Level
6.5.24 12th Energy Level
6.5.27 13th Energy Level
6.5.29 14th Energy Level
6.5.31 15th Energy Level
6.5.33 16th Energy Level
6.6.1 17th Energy Level
6.7.1 18th Energy Level
6.7.2 19th Energy Level
7.1.1 20th Energy Level
7.1.2 21st Energy Level
7.4.2 22nd Energy Level
7.4.3 23rd Energy Level
7.4.5 24th Energy Level
7.4.6 25th Energy Level
7.4.7 26th Energy Level
7.4.9 27th Energy Level
7.4.10 28th Energy Level
7.5.2 29th Energy Level
7.5.4 30th Energy Level
7.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr3.23 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
7.8 Electron Work Function
7.9 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
8 Atomic
8.1 Atomic Number
8.3 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1
8.4 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
8.4.1 Crystal Lattice
8.5 Atom
8.5.1 Number of Protons
8.7.1 Number of Neutrons
8.8.1 Number of Electrons
8.11 Radius of an Atom
8.11.1 Atomic Radius
9.1.2 Covalent Radius
9.1.4 Van der Waals Radius
9.2 Atomic Weight
247.00 amu266.00 amu
6.94
294
9.4 Atomic Volume
9.6 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.7.2 Previous Element
9.7.3 Next Element
9.8 Valence Electron Potential
9.9 Lattice Constant
341.60 pmNA
228.58
891.25
9.10 Lattice Angles
9.11 Lattice C/A Ratio
10 Mechanical
10.1 Density
10.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
10.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.2 Tensile Strength
10.3 Viscosity
10.5 Vapor Pressure
10.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
10.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.2 Elasticity properties
11.2.1 Shear Modulus
11.2.4 Bulk Modulus
11.2.6 Young's Modulus
11.4 Poisson Ratio
11.5 Other Mechanical Properties
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
12.1.4 Permeability
12.1.5 Susceptibility
13.2 Electrical Properties
13.2.1 Electrical Property
13.2.2 Resistivity
13.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
13.4.1 Electron Affinity
14 Thermal
14.1 Specific Heat
14.3 Molar Heat Capacity
14.4 Thermal Conductivity
14.6 Critical Temperature
14.7 Thermal Expansion
14.8 Enthalpy
14.8.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
14.8.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
14.9.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
14.10 Standard Molar Entropy