Californium

Scandium

Californium Scandium Comparison

Californium

Scandium

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Periodic Table

Symbol

Group Number

Period Number

Block

Element Family

CAS Number

Space Group Name

Space Group Number

Facts

Interesting Facts

Sources

Who Discovered

Discovery

Abundance In Universe

Abundance In Sun

Abundance In Meteorites

Abundance In Earth's Crust

Abundance In Oceans

Abundance In Humans

Uses

Uses & Benefits

Industrial Uses

Medical Uses

Other Uses

Toxicity

Present in Human Body

In Blood

In Bone

Physical

Melting Point

Boiling Point

Physical State

Color

Luster

Mohs Hardness

Brinell Hardness

Vickers Hardness

Speed of Sound

Refractive Index

Reflectivity

Allotropes

α Allotropes

β Allotropes

γ Allotropes

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Known Isotopes

Pauling Electronegativity

Sanderson Electronegativity

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

Allen Electronegativity

Pauling Electropositivity

1st Energy Level

2nd Energy Level

3rd Energy Level

4th Energy Level

5th Energy Level

6th Energy Level

7th Energy level

8th Energy Level

9th Energy Level

10th Energy Level

11th Energy Level

12th Energy Level

13th Energy Level

14th Energy Level

15th Energy Level

16th Energy Level

17th Energy Level

18th Energy Level

19th Energy Level

20th Energy Level

21st Energy Level

22nd Energy Level

23rd Energy Level

24th Energy Level

25th Energy Level

26th Energy Level

27th Energy Level

28th Energy Level

29th Energy Level

30th Energy Level

Electrochemical Equivalent

Electron Work Function

Other Chemical Properties

Atomic

Atomic Number

Electron Configuration

Crystal Structure

Crystal Lattice

Number of Protons

Number of Neutrons

Number of Electrons

Atomic Radius

Covalent Radius

Van der Waals Radius

Atomic Weight

Atomic Volume

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

Lattice Constant

Lattice Angles

Lattice C/A Ratio

Mechanical

Density At Room Temperature

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

Tensile Strength

Viscosity

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

Shear Modulus

Bulk Modulus

Young's Modulus

Poisson Ratio

Other Mechanical Properties

Magnetic

Specific Gravity

Magnetic Ordering

Permeability

Susceptibility

Electrical Property

Resistivity

Electrical Conductivity

Electron Affinity

Thermal

Specific Heat

Molar Heat Capacity

Thermal Conductivity

Critical Temperature

Thermal Expansion

Enthalpy of Vaporization

Enthalpy of Fusion

Enthalpy of Atomization

Standard Molar Entropy

f block

Actinide

7440713

P63/mmc

194.00

Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.

Californium metal is the heaviest metal.

Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

In 1950

0.00 %

Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.

Chemical Industry

Alloys, Nuclear Research

Toxic

✔✘

0.00 Blood/mg dm-3

0.00 p.p.m.

900.00 °C

1,470.00 °C

Solid

Silver

3.00

170.00 MPa

1,800.00 MPa

2,260.00 m/s

1.30

63.00 %

✔✘

1.30

1.20

1.30

2.70

608.00 kJ/mol

1,206.00 kJ/mol

2,267.00 kJ/mol

3,599.00 kJ/mol

6,080.00 kJ/mol

60,800.00 kJ/mol

6,080.00 kJ/mol

62,400.00 kJ/mol

608.00 kJ/mol

6,085.00 kJ/mol

608.00 kJ/mol

578.00 kJ/mol

6,080.00 kJ/mol

608.00 kJ/mol

6,080.00 kJ/mol

608.00 kJ/mol

3.12 g/amp-hr

4.70 eV

Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility

[Rn] 5f¹⁰ 7s²

Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)

DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100

153

186.00 pm

244.00 pm

251.00 amu

15.10 cm3/mol

44.50 (-eV)

338.00 pm

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

1.58

15.10 g/cm³

15.10 g/cm3

50.00 MPa

0.00

0.00 (Pa)

29.00 GPa

40.00 GPa

0.00 GPa

0.30

Malleable, Sectile

15.10

Paramagnetic

0.00 H/m

0.00

6.20 nΩ·m

0.11 10⁶/cm Ω

97.00 kJ/mol

0.10 J/(kg K)

26.70 J/mol·K

10.00 W/m·K

900.00 K

11.70 µm/(m·K)

311.40 kJ/mol

15.10 kJ/mol

50.00 J/mol.K

d block

Transition Metal

7440202

P63/mmc

194.00

Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals

Lars Fredrik Nilson

In 1879

0.00 %

Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.

Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

Alloys

Non Toxic

✔✘

0.01 Blood/mg dm-3

0.00 p.p.m.

1,539.00 °C

2,832.00 °C

Solid

Silvery White

Lustrous

5.50