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Cf Element
Californium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cf
Group Number
3 15
Period Number
7 1
Block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
CAS Number
7440713 20
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00 7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
  • Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
Sources
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions
History
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Discovery
In 1950
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 38
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 54
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 62
Abundance In Oceans
-
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
  • It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m. 41
Physical
Melting Point
900.00 °C 50
Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C 61
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silver
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.00 13
Brinell Hardness
170.00 MPa 54
Vickers Hardness
1,800.00 MPa 7
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s 58
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.30 43
Reflectivity
63.00 % 20
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cf
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20 19
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30 33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30 25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20 28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30 33
Allen Electronegativity
1.30 40
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70 22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 49
2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol 61
3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol 60
4th Energy Level
3,599.00 kJ/mol 62
5th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 43
6th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 56
7th Energy level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 50
8th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 47
9th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 46
10th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 48
11th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 53
12th Energy Level
60,800.00 kJ/mol 14
13th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 41
14th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 30
15th Energy Level
62,400.00 kJ/mol 39
16th Energy Level
62,400.00 kJ/mol 29
17th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 51
18th Energy Level
6,085.00 kJ/mol 44
19th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 48
20th Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol 60
21st Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 16
22nd Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 39
23rd Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol 17
24th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 41
25th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 43
26th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 41
27th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 44
28th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 48
29th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 49
30th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol 45
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr 17
Electron Work Function
4.70 eV 15
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic
Atomic Number
98 20
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
98 20
Number of Neutrons
153 10
Number of Electrons
98 20
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm 11
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm 21
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm 14
Atomic Weight
251.00 amu 17
Atomic Volume
15.10 cm3/mol 49
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
86
Next Element
52
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV) 39
Lattice Constant
338.00 pm 52
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58 34
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3 21
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.10 g/cm3 22
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa 38
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa) 24
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
29.00 GPa 29
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa 38
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa 74
Poisson Ratio
0.30 14
Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable, Sectile
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
15.10 24
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 8
Susceptibility
0.00 24
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
-
Resistivity
6.20 nΩ·m 60
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω 23
Electron Affinity
97.00 kJ/mol 12
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K) 44
Molar Heat Capacity
26.70 J/mol·K 33
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K 68
Critical Temperature
900.00 K 65
Thermal Expansion
11.70 µm/(m·K) 45
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
311.40 kJ/mol 46
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.10 kJ/mol 21
Enthalpy of Atomization
-
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K 43
Summary >>
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