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Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np
Group Number
3 15
Period Number
7 1
Block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
CAS Number
7439998 79
Space Group Name
Pnma
Space Group Number
62.00 14
Facts
Interesting Facts
Neptunium was the first transuranium element to be discovered.
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson
Discovery
In 1940
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 54
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 60
Abundance In Oceans
-
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
Industrial Uses
-
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m. 41
Physical
Melting Point
640.00 °C 62
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C 13
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silver
Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.00 6
Brinell Hardness
622.00 MPa 23
Vickers Hardness
640.00 MPa 23
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s 58
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.30 43
Reflectivity
64.00 % 19
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Np
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20 19
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36 30
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.36 23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22 27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.36 31
Allen Electronegativity
1.36 37
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64 25
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol 50
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol 73
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol 78
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol 72
5th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol 41
6th Energy Level
5,785.00 kJ/mol 69
7th Energy level
6,040.00 kJ/mol 51
8th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol 48
9th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol 44
10th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol 45
11th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol 50
12th Energy Level
61,800.00 kJ/mol 13
13th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol 40
14th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol 29
15th Energy Level
60,600.00 kJ/mol 42
16th Energy Level
60,420.00 kJ/mol 31
17th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 52
18th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol 45
19th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol 49
20th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 47
21st Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol 17
22nd Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 40
23rd Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol 18
24th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol 42
25th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 44
26th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 43
27th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 46
28th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 50
29th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 51
30th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol 47
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr 43
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV 12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic
Atomic Number
93 25
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
93 25
Number of Neutrons
144 15
Number of Electrons
93 25
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm 32
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm 18
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm 27
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu 22
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol 61
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
15
Next Element
26
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV) 9
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm 3
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.43 50
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3 14
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.25 g/cm3 10
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa 26
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa) 17
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa 59
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa 9
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa 42
Poisson Ratio
0.26 22
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
20.25 15
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 6
Susceptibility
0.00 24
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m 71
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω 66
Electron Affinity
118.60 kJ/mol 6
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K) 42
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K 10
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K 73
Critical Temperature
913.00 K 64
Thermal Expansion
13.30 µm/(m·K) 35
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
336.00 kJ/mol 39
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol 63
Enthalpy of Atomization
275.30 kJ/mol 51
Standard Molar Entropy
64.00 J/mol.K 21
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