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Curium vs Livermorium

Curium
Livermorium
Livermorium vs Curium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cm  
Lv  
Group Number
3  
15
16  
2
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
p block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Probably Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440519  
36
54100719  
3
Space Group Name
-  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
  
Livermorium was first synthesized in 2000 by a joint Russian-American research team.  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1944  
In 2000  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
  
  • Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.50 p.p.m.  
22
Physical
Melting Point
1,340.00 °C  
34
-  
Boiling Point
3,110.00 °C  
31
3,500.00 °C  
18
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00  
17
-  
Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa  
40
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
461.00 MPa  
37
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
4,600.00 m/s  
21
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
66.00 %  
17
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cm  
Lv  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15  
24
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.90  
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.90  
8
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
723.60 kJ/mol  
28
2nd Energy Level
1,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,331.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,026.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,846.30 kJ/mol  
35
4th Energy Level
3,550.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,811.20 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,078.60 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
38
8th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
34
9th Energy Level
6,690.00 kJ/mol  
37
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
31
10th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
30
14th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
40
1,168.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,900.00 kJ/mol  
26
16th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
23
18th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
32
19th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,169.70 kJ/mol  
13
20th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
21st Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
709.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
370.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
548.90 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
27
26th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
27th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
28th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
31
29th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
32
30th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr  
19
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.50 eV  
19
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
96  
22
116  
2
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Livermorium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
96  
22
116  
2
Number of Neutrons
151  
11
160  
5
Number of Electrons
96  
22
116  
2
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm  
22
183.00 pm  
12
Covalent Radius
169.00 pm  
28
183.00 pm  
22
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu  
18
293.00 amu  
2
Atomic Volume
18.28 cm3/mol  
38
22.90 cm3/mol  
16
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Americium
  
Moscovium
  
Next Element
Berkelium
  
No Next Element  
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)  
39
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
336.25 pm  
99+
362.15 pm  
36
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.67  
11
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.51 g/cm3  
26
12.90 g/cm3  
28
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.85 g/cm3  
25
12.90 g/cm3  
30
Tensile Strength
350.00 MPa  
12
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
32.00 GPa  
24
28.50 GPa  
30
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
42.00 GPa  
34
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
12.50 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.51  
28
12.00  
34
Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
1.25 nΩ·m  
99+
0.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.13 106/cm Ω  
19
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.50 J/mol·K  
21
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
11.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,340.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
9.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
331.60 kJ/mol  
40
722.00 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.00 kJ/mol  
22
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
380.50 kJ/mol  
32
Standard Molar Entropy
52.50 J/mol.K  
36
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
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