Symbol
Es
Sn
Group Number
1314
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
75
2
7
👆🏻
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
74299277440315
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
-
I41/amd
Space Group Number
194.00141.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
- Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
-
Discovery
In 1952
Before 3500 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
-0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %0.00 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
Industrial Uses
-
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Medical Uses
-
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
-
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.38 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.1.40 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
860.00 °C231.90 °C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
996.00 °C2,270.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
-
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.001.50
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
240.00 MPa50.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
550.00 MPa50.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
2,850.00 m/s2,730.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.302.40
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
63.00 %51.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β Allotropes
-
White Tin (Beta Tin)
γ Allotropes
-
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Chemical Formula
Es
Sn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
1635
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.541.96
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.301.49
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.201.72
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.302.21
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.301.82
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.702.04
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,216.00 kJ/mol1,411.80 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
2,334.00 kJ/mol2,943.00 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
3,734.00 kJ/mol3,930.30 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,456.00 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
4,520.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,080.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol70,800.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol70,800.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol7,086.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol708.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol708.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.74 g/amp-hr1.11 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV4.42 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Number
9950
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f11 7s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
9950
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
15369
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
9950
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm140.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm139.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm217.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
252.00 amu118.71 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
17.04 cm3/mol16.30 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)83.50 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
582.00 pm583.18 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
-
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.290.68
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
8.84 g/cm37.37 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.84 g/cm36.99 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa15.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa18.00 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa58.00 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa50.00 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.330.36
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
8.847.31
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
-
Superconductor
Resistivity
6.30 nΩ·m115.00 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω0.09 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol107.30 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)0.23 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K27.11 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K66.80 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,133.00 K505.00 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
13.50 µm/(m·K)22.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
323.80 kJ/mol290.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.80 kJ/mol7.03 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
-301.30 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
63.00 J/mol.K51.20 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻