1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.3 Period Number
2.5 Block
2.6 Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
2.7 CAS Number
74403157440359
7429905
54386242
2.10 Space Group Name
2.11 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Unknown
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
4.5.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.6.3 Abundance In Oceans
4.7.1 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
-
In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
NA
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.3.1 In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
231.90 °C994.00 °C
27
3410
6.3 Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C2,607.00 °C
147
5660
6.6 Appearance
6.6.1 Physical State
6.6.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
6.6.3 Luster
6.7 Hardness
6.7.1 Mohs Hardness
6.7.2 Brinell Hardness
7.1.2 Vickers Hardness
7.2 Speed of Sound
7.4 Optical Properties
7.4.1 Refractive Index
7.5.1 Reflectivity
7.7 Allotropes
7.7.1 α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
7.7.2 β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
7.7.3 γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.4.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.4.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.4.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.5.1 Allen Electronegativity
9.2 Electropositivity
9.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.3 Ionization Energies
9.3.1 1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol578.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.3.3 2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol1,158.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.4.3 3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol2,132.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.4.4 4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol3,493.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.4.6 5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
9.4.8 6th Energy Level
10.1.1 7th Energy level
10.1.2 8th Energy Level
10.2.1 9th Energy Level
10.3.1 10th Energy Level
10.4.1 11th Energy Level
10.5.1 12th Energy Level
10.5.2 13th Energy Level
10.6.2 14th Energy Level
10.6.4 15th Energy Level
10.6.6 16th Energy Level
10.7.1 17th Energy Level
10.7.2 18th Energy Level
10.7.3 19th Energy Level
10.7.4 20th Energy Level
10.7.5 21st Energy Level
10.7.6 22nd Energy Level
10.7.7 23rd Energy Level
10.7.8 24th Energy Level
10.7.9 25th Energy Level
10.7.10 26th Energy Level
10.7.11 27th Energy Level
10.7.12 28th Energy Level
10.7.13 29th Energy Level
10.7.14 30th Energy Level
10.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr3.02 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
10.9 Electron Work Function
10.10 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
11 Atomic
11.1 Atomic Number
11.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
11.3 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
11.3.1 Crystal Lattice
11.4 Atom
11.4.1 Number of Protons
11.4.2 Number of Neutrons
11.4.3 Number of Electrons
11.5 Radius of an Atom
11.5.1 Atomic Radius
140.00 pm173.00 pm
112
265
11.5.2 Covalent Radius
139.00 pm180.00 pm
96
260
11.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm244.00 pm
139
348
11.6 Atomic Weight
118.71 amu243.00 amu
6.94
294
11.7 Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol17.86 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
11.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.8.1 Previous Element
11.8.2 Next Element
11.9 Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)44.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
11.10 Lattice Constant
583.18 pm346.81 pm
228.58
891.25
11.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
11.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm312.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
12.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.2 Tensile Strength
12.3 Viscosity
12.4 Vapor Pressure
12.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
12.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.5 Elasticity properties
12.5.1 Shear Modulus
12.5.2 Bulk Modulus
12.5.3 Young's Modulus
12.6 Poisson Ratio
12.7 Other Mechanical Properties
13 Magnetic
13.1 Magnetic Characteristics
13.1.1 Specific Gravity
13.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
13.1.3 Permeability
13.1.4 Susceptibility
13.2 Electrical Properties
13.2.1 Electrical Property
13.2.2 Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m0.69 nΩ·m
0.18
961
13.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
13.2.4 Electron Affinity
14 Thermal
14.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)0.11 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
14.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K62.70 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
14.3 Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K10.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
14.4 Critical Temperature
14.5 Thermal Expansion
14.6 Enthalpy
14.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
14.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol14.39 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
14.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol268.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
14.7 Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1