1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ce
1.2 Group Number
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0
17
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
7440451
Rank: 41 (Overall) ▶
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00
Rank: 5 (Overall) ▶
11
229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1803
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
Rank: 16 (Overall) ▶
5E-09
0.11
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %
Rank: 23 (Overall) ▶
1E-08
0.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 27 (Overall) ▶
1.7E-07
22
2.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
Rank: 18 (Overall) ▶
9.9E-12
8.1
2.4.9 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 33 (Overall) ▶
2E-23
1.1
2.4.11 Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1E-13
1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Medical Research
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
✔
✘
27% - Lanthanide Series Metals have it !
▶
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 30 (Overall) ▶
0
1970
3.2.6 In Bone
2.70 p.p.m.
Rank: 14 (Overall) ▶
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
795.00 °C
Rank: 56 (Overall) ▶
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,257.00 °C
Rank: 23 (Overall) ▶
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Lustrous
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.50
Rank: 14 (Overall) ▶
0.2
8.5
4.4.4 Brinell Hardness
186.00 MPa
Rank: 43 (Overall) ▶
0.14
3490
4.4.7 Vickers Hardness
210.00 MPa
Rank: 32 (Overall) ▶
121
3430
4.6 Speed of Sound
2,100.00 m/s
Rank: 43 (Overall) ▶
818
16200
4.8 Optical Properties
4.8.1 Refractive Index
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.000933
1.7229
4.8.2 Reflectivity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
58
97
5.2 Allotropes
✔
✘
No - Lanthanide Series Metals has it !
▶
5.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
5.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
5.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
Ce
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.6 Electronegativity
6.6.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.12
Rank: 43 (Overall) ▶
0.7
2.54
6.6.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.22
2.56
6.6.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08
Rank: 31 (Overall) ▶
0.86
1.82
6.6.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.62
2.48
6.7.2 Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.659
2.7
6.8 Electropositivity
6.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.88
Rank: 11 (Overall) ▶
1.46
3.3
6.10 Ionization Energies
6.10.1 1st Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 76 (Overall) ▶
375.7
26130
6.10.2 2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 78 (Overall) ▶
710.2162
28750
6.11.1 3rd Energy Level
1,949.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 78 (Overall) ▶
1600
34230
6.13.1 4th Energy Level
3,547.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 55 (Overall) ▶
2780
37066
6.14.1 5th Energy Level
6,325.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall) ▶
4305.2
97510
6.16.1 6th Energy Level
7,490.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall) ▶
5715.8
105800
7.1.2 7th Energy level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
7226.8
114300
7.1.4 8th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
8857.4
125300
7.1.5 9th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
14110
134700
7.2.1 10th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
17100
144300
7.3.1 11th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
19900
169988
7.4.2 12th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
22219
189368
7.5.2 13th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
26930
76015
7.5.3 14th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
29196
86450
7.5.5 15th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
41987
97510
7.5.7 16th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
47206
109480
7.5.8 17th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
52737
122200
7.6.1 18th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
58570
134810
8.1.2 19th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
64702
148700
8.1.5 20th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
80400
171200
8.1.6 21st Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
87000
179100
8.1.8 22nd Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
93400
184900
8.2.3 23rd Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
98420
198800
8.2.4 24th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
104400
195200
8.2.6 25th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
121900
121900
8.2.7 26th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
127700
127700
8.2.9 27th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
133800
133800
8.2.10 28th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
139800
139800
8.2.11 29th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
148100
148100
9.1.1 30th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
154500
154500
9.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.74 g/amp-hr
Rank: 41 (Overall) ▶
0.16812
8.3209
9.5 Electron Work Function
2.84 eV
Rank: 39 (Overall) ▶
2.14
5.65
9.7 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
10.4 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
10.4.1 Crystal Lattice
10.5 Atom
10.5.1 Number of Protons
10.6.2 Number of Neutrons
10.6.4 Number of Electrons
10.7 Radius of an Atom
10.7.1 Atomic Radius
181.80 pm
Rank: 12 (Overall) ▶
112
265
10.7.2 Covalent Radius
204.00 pm
Rank: 8 (Overall) ▶
96
260
10.8.1 Van der Waals Radius
235.00 pm
Rank: 17 (Overall) ▶
139
348
10.9 Atomic Weight
140.12 amu
Rank: 52 (Overall) ▶
6.94
294
10.10 Atomic Volume
20.67 cm3/mol
Rank: 17 (Overall) ▶
1.39
71.07
10.11 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.11.1 Previous Element
10.11.2 Next Element
10.12 Valence Electron Potential
41.78 (-eV)
Rank: 45 (Overall) ▶
8
392.42
10.13 Lattice Constant
362.00 pm
Rank: 34 (Overall) ▶
228.58
891.25
10.14 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
10.15 Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.567
1.886
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3
Rank: 63 (Overall) ▶
0.534
40.7
11.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.55 g/cm3
Rank: 38 (Overall) ▶
0.512
20
11.2 Tensile Strength
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
2.5
11000
11.3 Viscosity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.001526
0.001526
11.4 Vapor Pressure
11.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 34 (Overall) ▶
2.47E-11
121
11.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
1.04 (Pa)
Rank: 13 (Overall) ▶
2.62E-10
774
11.5 Elasticity properties
11.5.1 Shear Modulus
13.50 GPa
Rank: 41 (Overall) ▶
1.3
222
11.5.2 Bulk Modulus
21.50 GPa
Rank: 42 (Overall) ▶
1.6
462
11.5.3 Young's Modulus
33.60 GPa
Rank: 43 (Overall) ▶
1.7
528
11.6 Poisson Ratio
0.24
Rank: 27 (Overall) ▶
0.032
0.47
11.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
6.77
Rank: 50 (Overall) ▶
0.53
4500
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
12.1.3 Permeability
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.25643E-06
0.0063
12.1.4 Susceptibility
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
-0.000166
200000
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
12.2.2 Resistivity
828.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 3 (Overall) ▶
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
Rank: 54 (Overall) ▶
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall) ▶
0
222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
Rank: 32 (Overall) ▶
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.94 J/mol·K
Rank: 23 (Overall) ▶
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
11.30 W/m·K
Rank: 61 (Overall) ▶
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
26.3
3223
13.5 Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 52 (Overall) ▶
4.5
97
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
414.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall) ▶
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
5.46 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall) ▶
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
381.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 23 (Overall) ▶
61.5
837
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
72.00 J/mol.K
Rank: 12 (Overall) ▶
9.5
198.1