Periodic Table
Symbol
Ce
Group Number
3
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440451
Rank: 41 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
Rank: 7 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
Discovery
In 1803
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %
Rank: 23 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
Rank: 18 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Medical Research
Other Uses
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
27% - Lanthanide Series Metals have it !
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
2.70 p.p.m.
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Physical
Melting Point
795.00 °C
Rank: 56 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
3,257.00 °C
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
186.00 MPa
Rank: 53 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
210.00 MPa
Rank: 52 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
2,100.00 m/s
Rank: 60 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
2.20
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
68.00 %
Rank: 15 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
No - Lanthanide Series Metals has it !
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ce
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.12
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.12
Rank: 37 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08
Rank: 32 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.12
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.12
Rank: 54 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.88
Rank: 11 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 76 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 79 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
1,949.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 82 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
3,547.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
6,325.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 37 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
7,490.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 38 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 72 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 71 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 68 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 73 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 76 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
5,650.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
53,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
53,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 53 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 81 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
5,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 67 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 80 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
534.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 71 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
5,346.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 24 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
594.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 46 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
5,346.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 26 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
565.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 63 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 68 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
565.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
565.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
565.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
565.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 71 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
594.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.74 g/amp-hr
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
2.84 eV
Rank: 50 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic
Atomic Number
58
Rank: 58 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
58
Rank: 57 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
82
Rank: 42 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
58
Rank: 57 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.80 pm
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
204.00 pm
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
235.00 pm
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
140.12 amu
Rank: 52 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
20.67 cm3/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
41.78 (-eV)
Rank: 46 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
362.00 pm
Rank: 38 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
Rank: 31 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3
Rank: 68 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.55 g/cm3
Rank: 67 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
270.00 MPa
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 23 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 36 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
1.04 (Pa)
Rank: 13 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
13.50 GPa
Rank: 52 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
21.50 GPa
Rank: 54 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
33.60 GPa
Rank: 48 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.24
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.77
Rank: 66 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 7 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 24 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
828.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
Rank: 59 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
26.94 J/mol·K
Rank: 30 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
11.30 W/m·K
Rank: 63 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,071.00 K
Rank: 58 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 67 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
414.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
5.46 kJ/mol
Rank: 59 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
381.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
72.00 J/mol.K
Rank: 12 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻