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Ytterbium
Ytterbium




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What is Ytterbium?

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

Yb

1.2 Group Number

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Gadolinium
0 17

1.3 Period Number

6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Lithium
2 7

1.4 Block

f block

1.5 Element Family

Lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

7440644
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Aluminium
7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Fm_ 3m

1.8 Space Group Number

225.00
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Plutonium
11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

  • Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
  • Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.

2.2 Sources

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1878

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

2 * 10-7 %
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Thallium
5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.0000001 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Gold
1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %
Rank: 37 (Overall)
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Radium
1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

  • Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

NA

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Highly Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

27% - Lanthanide Series Metals have it !

3.2.3 In Blood

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium
0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium
0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

824.00 °C
Rank: 54 (Overall)
Francium
27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

1,196.00 °C
Rank: 63 (Overall)
Flerovium
147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Silvery White

4.3.3 Luster

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

343.00 MPa
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Cesium
0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

206.00 MPa
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Palladium
121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

1,590.00 m/s
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Thallium
818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
58 97

4.7 Allotropes

No - Lanthanide Series Metals has it !

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

Yb

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

30
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Tennessine
0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Francium
0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.06
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Cesium
0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Gold
1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

603.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
Cesium
375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,174.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 64 (Overall)
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,417.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
Osmium
1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

4,203.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Thorium
2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Dubnium
4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bohrium
7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Hassium
8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Strontium
17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Manganese
41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Iron
47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cobalt
52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nickel
58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Copper
64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

2.15 g/amp-hr
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

70
Rank: 46 (Overall)
Lithium
3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f14 6s2

6.3 Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

70
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Lithium
3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

103
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Lithium
4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

70
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Lithium
3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

176.00 pm
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Beryllium
112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

187.00 pm
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Beryllium
96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

242.00 pm
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Zinc
139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

173.05 amu
Rank: 41 (Overall)
Lithium
6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

24.79 cm3/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Manganese
1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

50.30 (-eV)
Rank: 27 (Overall)
Francium
8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

548.47 pm
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Beryllium
228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium
1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

6.90 g/cm3
Rank: 62 (Overall)
Lithium
0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

6.21 g/cm3
Rank: 41 (Overall)
Lithium
0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

58.00 MPa
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Indium
2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cerium
2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

9.90 GPa
Rank: 43 (Overall)
Potassium
1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

30.50 GPa
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Cesium
1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

23.90 GPa
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Cesium
1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

0.21
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Beryllium
0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

6.97
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Lithium
0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

0.25 nΩ·m
Rank: 69 (Overall)
Thallium
0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

0.04 106/cm Ω
Rank: 38 (Overall)
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Mercury
0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

0.15 J/(kg K)
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Americium
0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

26.74 J/mol·K
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Beryllium
16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

38.50 W/m·K
Rank: 35 (Overall)
Neptunium
6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

26.30 K
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Mercury
26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

26.30 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Tungsten
4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

128.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
Zinc
7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

7.66 kJ/mol
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Cesium
2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

180.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 47 (Overall)
Mercury
61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

59.90 J/mol.K
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Beryllium
9.5 198.1