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Promethium
Promethium
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What is Promethium?
Promethium Electron Configuration Promethium Metal Promethium Crystal Structure
Promethium
Add ⊕
1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Pm
1.2 Group Number
Tennessine
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Gadolinium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.3 Period Number
Uranium
⊕
▶
▼
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.4 Block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
Roentgenium
⊕
▶
▼
7440122
Rank: 67 (Overall)▶
▲
Aluminium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.7 Space Group Name
Not Available
1.8 Space Group Number
Sodium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1942
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Thallium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
~-9999 %
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Gold
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
Aluminium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Radium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Sodium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Protactinium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Calcium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Radium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
NA
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
✔ ✘
27% Lanthanide Series Metals have it !
3.2.3 In Blood
Sodium
⊕
▶
▼
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 37 (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
3.2.4 In Bone
Calcium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
Tungsten
⊕
▶
▼
1,042.00 °C
Rank: 43 (Overall)▶
▲
Francium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.2 Boiling Point
Tungsten
⊕
▶
▼
3,000.00 °C
Rank: 31 (Overall)▶
▲
Flerovium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Unknown
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
Osmium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
Tungsten
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Palladium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.5 Speed of Sound
Technetium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Thallium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Palladium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.6.2 Reflectivity
Silver
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.7 Allotropes
✔ ✘
No Lanthanide Series Metals has it !
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Pm
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
Palladium
⊕
▶
▼
27
Rank: 12 (Overall)▶
▲
Tennessine
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
Gold
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Francium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
Cobalt
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Gallium
⊕
▶
▼
1.07
Rank: 32 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Polonium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
Berkelium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
Francium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Gold
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
540.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 73 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
1,050.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 78 (Overall)▶
▲
Ruthenium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
2,150.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 67 (Overall)▶
▲
Osmium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
3,970.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 38 (Overall)▶
▲
Thorium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Dubnium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Seaborgium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.7 7th Energy level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Bohrium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Hassium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Yttrium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Strontium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Magnesium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Yttrium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Magnesium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Titanium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Vanadium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Manganese
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Manganese
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Iron
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cobalt
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Cobalt
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Nickel
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Nickel
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Copper
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Zinc
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Zinc
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Copper
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Copper
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Molybdenum
⊕
▶
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
Francium
⊕
▶
▼
1.80 g/amp-hr
Rank: 36 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.7 Electron Work Function
Platinum
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
Tennessine
⊕
▶
▼
61
Rank: 55 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
Tennessine
⊕
▶
▼
61
Rank: 54 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
Flerovium
⊕
▶
▼
84
Rank: 40 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
Tennessine
⊕
▶
▼
61
Rank: 54 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
Cesium
⊕
▶
▼
183.00 pm
Rank: 10 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
Francium
⊕
▶
▼
199.00 pm
Rank: 12 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
Francium
⊕
▶
▼
236.00 pm
Rank: 16 (Overall)▶
▲
Zinc
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.6 Atomic Weight
Tennessine
⊕
▶
▼
145.00 amu
Rank: 49 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.7 Atomic Volume
Cesium
⊕
▶
▼
22.39 cm3/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)▶
▲
Manganese
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
Platinum
⊕
▶
▼
44.10 (-eV)
Rank: 39 (Overall)▶
▲
Francium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.10 Lattice Constant
Manganese
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.11 Lattice Angles
Unknown
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Cadmium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
Hassium
⊕
▶
▼
7.26 g/cm3
Rank: 56 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Osmium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.2 Tensile Strength
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Indium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.3 Viscosity
Mercury
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury
⊕
▶
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Strontium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Cerium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Chromium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Tungsten
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
Osmium
⊕
▶
▼
18.00 GPa
Rank: 36 (Overall)▶
▲
Potassium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
Osmium
⊕
▶
▼
33.00 GPa
Rank: 36 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
Iridium
⊕
▶
▼
46.00 GPa
Rank: 38 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.6 Poisson Ratio
Gallium
⊕
▶
▼
0.28
Rank: 17 (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
Cobalt
⊕
▶
▼
7.26
Rank: 43 (Overall)▶
▲
Lithium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Bismuth
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.1.4 Susceptibility
Iron
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Bismuth
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
Mercury
⊕
▶
▼
0.75 nΩ·m
Rank: 64 (Overall)▶
▲
Thallium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
Silver
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Plutonium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
Gold
⊕
▶
▼
50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
Lithium
⊕
▶
▼
0.18 J/(kg K)
Rank: 33 (Overall)▶
▲
Americium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
Americium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
Silver
⊕
▶
▼
17.90 W/m·K
Rank: 47 (Overall)▶
▲
Neptunium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.4 Critical Temperature
Lithium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Ytterbium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.5 Thermal Expansion
Cesium
⊕
▶
▼
9.00 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 43 (Overall)▶
▲
Tungsten
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
Tungsten
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Zinc
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
Tungsten
⊕
▶
▼
7.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 43 (Overall)▶
▲
Cesium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
Tungsten
⊕
▶
▼
310.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)▶
▲
Mercury
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
Protactinium
⊕
▶
▼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)▶
▲
Beryllium
⊕
▶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

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