Symbol
Hg
Group Number
12
Rank: 6 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439976
Rank: 81 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
R_ 3m
Space Group Number
166.00
Rank: 9 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.09 %
Rank: 2 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 54 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
-
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
60% - Transition Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 23 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.
Rank: 23 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
-38.83 °C
Rank: 82 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
356.58 °C
Rank: 80 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Liquid
Color
Silver
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
Rank: 19 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa
Rank: 67 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
0.00 MPa
Rank: 74 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s
Rank: 67 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.00
Rank: 47 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
73.00 %
Rank: 10 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
6% - Transition Metals Metals
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical Formula
Hg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.44
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00
Rank: 47 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 78 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 87 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 91 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 87 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 84 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 85 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 79 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 87 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 87 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 83 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 71 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 72 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 24 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 86 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
1,007.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 2 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV
Rank: 20 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Number
80
Rank: 36 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
80
Rank: 36 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
121
Rank: 23 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
80
Rank: 36 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm
Rank: 50 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu
Rank: 32 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)
Rank: 56 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm
Rank: 66 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
-
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.42
Rank: 65 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.55 g/cm3
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa
Rank: 48 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 4 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa
Rank: 27 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
25.00 GPa
Rank: 53 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.44
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.53
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 10 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 20 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 1 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
Rank: 62 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
Rank: 39 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K
Rank: 16 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K
Rank: 69 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K
Rank: 33 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 5 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 86 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 74 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K
Rank: 6 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻