Platinum

Titanium

Platinum vs Titanium

Platinum

Titanium

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Periodic Table

Symbol

Group Number

104

0 17

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Period Number

2 7

👆🏻

Block

d block

Element Family

Transition Metal

CAS Number

74400647440326

7429905 54386242

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Space Group Name

Fm_ 3m

P63/mmc

Space Group Number

225.00194.00

11 276

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Facts

Interesting Facts

Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.

The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.

Sources

Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals

Found in Minerals, Mining

History

Who Discovered

Antonio de Ulloa

W. Gregor & J. Berzelius

Discovery

In 1735

In 1791

Abundance

Abundance In Universe

0.00 %0.00 %

0 0.11

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Abundance In Sun

0.00 %0.00 %

0 0.1

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Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %0.05 %

0 22

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Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %0.66 %

1E-37 8.1

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Abundance In Oceans

-0.00 %

0 1.1

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Abundance In Humans

0.00 %0.57 %

0 1.4

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Uses

Uses & Benefits

Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.

Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.

Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

Medical Uses

Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

Other Uses

Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues

Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues

Biological Properties

Toxicity

Non Toxic

Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.05 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

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In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.0.60 p.p.m.

0 170000

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Physical

Melting Point

1,772.00 °C1,660.00 °C

-38.83 3410

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Boiling Point

3,827.00 °C3,287.00 °C

0 5660

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Appearance

Physical State

Solid

Color

Silvery White

Silvery Gray-White

Luster

Metallic

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

3.506.00

0.2 8.5

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Brinell Hardness

300.00 MPa716.00 MPa

0.14 3490

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Vickers Hardness

400.00 MPa830.00 MPa

0 3920

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Speed of Sound

2,800.00 m/s5,090.00 m/s

818 16200

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Optical Properties

Refractive Index

2.412.40

0.155 3.41

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Reflectivity

73.00 %56.00 %

5 97

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Allotropes

✔ ✘

α Allotropes

β Allotropes

γ Allotropes

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

3523

0 38

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Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

2.281.54

0 2.6

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Sanderson Electronegativity

2.281.09

0.22 2.56

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Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.441.32

0.86 1.9

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Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

2.201.54

0.62 2.48

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Allen Electronegativity

1.721.38

0.659 2.7

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Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

1.722.46

1.46 3.3

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Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

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2nd Energy Level

1,791.00 kJ/mol1,309.80 kJ/mol

392.8 28750

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3rd Energy Level

2,277.00 kJ/mol2,652.50 kJ/mol

392.8 34230

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4th Energy Level

8,702.00 kJ/mol4,174.60 kJ/mol

375.7 37066

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5th Energy Level

8,702.00 kJ/mol9,581.00 kJ/mol

392 97510

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6th Energy Level

8,700.00 kJ/mol11,533.00 kJ/mol

1007 105800

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7th Energy level

8,700.00 kJ/mol13,590.00 kJ/mol

1007 114300

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8th Energy Level

8,700.00 kJ/mol16,440.00 kJ/mol

730 125300

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9th Energy Level

5,660.00 kJ/mol18,530.00 kJ/mol

1007 134700

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10th Energy Level

8,700.00 kJ/mol20,833.00 kJ/mol

392 144300

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11th Energy Level

8,700.00 kJ/mol25,575.00 kJ/mol

392 169988

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12th Energy Level

8,700.00 kJ/mol28,125.00 kJ/mol

0 189368

👆🏻

13th Energy Level

8,700.00 kJ/mol76,015.00 kJ/mol

1007 76015

👆🏻

14th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol83,280.00 kJ/mol

380 86450

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15th Energy Level

87,000.00 kJ/mol90,880.00 kJ/mol

33000 100700

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16th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol100,700.00 kJ/mol

375.7 109480

👆🏻

17th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol109,100.00 kJ/mol

375.7 122200

👆🏻

18th Energy Level

8,700.00 kJ/mol117,800.00 kJ/mol

0 134810

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19th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol129,900.00 kJ/mol

375.7 148700

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20th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol137,530.00 kJ/mol

0 171200

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21st Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

375.7 179100

👆🏻

22nd Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.00 kJ/mol

330 184900

👆🏻

23rd Energy Level

870.10 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

357.6 198800

👆🏻

24th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

297.3 195200

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25th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

0 121900

👆🏻

26th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

357.6 127700

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27th Energy Level

870.10 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

0 133800

👆🏻

28th Energy Level

870.10 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

297.3 139800

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29th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

0 148100

👆🏻

30th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol658.80 kJ/mol

0 154500

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Electrochemical Equivalent

1.82 g/amp-hr0.45 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

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Electron Work Function

5.65 eV4.33 eV

2.14 6

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Other Chemical Properties

Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization

Chemical Stability, Ionization

Atomic

Atomic Number

7822

3 117

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Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹

[Ar] 3d² 4s²

Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

Crystal Lattice

Atom

Number of Protons

7822

3 117

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Number of Neutrons

11726

4 285

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Number of Electrons

7822

3 117

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Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

139.00 pm147.00 pm

0 348

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Covalent Radius

136.00 pm160.00 pm

0 260

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Van der Waals Radius

175.00 pm200.00 pm

0 348

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Atomic Weight

47.87 amu47.87 amu

6.94 294

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Atomic Volume

9.09 cm3/mol10.64 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

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Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

392.42 (-eV)95.20 (-eV)

0 392.42

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Lattice Constant

392.42 pm295.08 pm

0 891.25

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Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

Lattice C/A Ratio

1.561.59

0.423 1.9

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Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

21.45 g/cm³4.51 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

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Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

19.77 g/cm34.11 g/cm3

0.512 41

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Tensile Strength

125.00 MPa434.00 MPa

0.1 11000

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Viscosity

0.000.00

1.5E-05 0.0035

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Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

0 121

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Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.07 (Pa)0.98 (Pa)

0 774

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Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

61.00 GPa44.00 GPa

1.3 222

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Bulk Modulus

230.00 GPa110.00 GPa

0 462

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Young's Modulus

168.00 GPa116.00 GPa

0 528

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Poisson Ratio

0.380.32

0.032 0.47

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Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

Ductile

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

21.454.51

0.53 4500

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Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

Permeability

0.00 H/m0.00 H/m

1.25643E-06 0.0063

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Susceptibility

0.000.00

-0.000166 200000

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Electrical Properties

Electrical Property

Conductor

Poor Conductor

Resistivity

105.00 nΩ·m420.00 nΩ·m

0.1 961

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Electrical Conductivity

0.10 10⁶/cm Ω0.02 10⁶/cm Ω

0 0.63

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Electron Affinity

205.30 kJ/mol7.60 kJ/mol

0 222.8

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Thermal

Specific Heat

0.13 J/(kg K)0.52 J/(kg K)

0.1 3.6

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Molar Heat Capacity

25.86 J/mol·K25.06 J/mol·K

13.1 62.7

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Thermal Conductivity

71.60 W/m·K21.90 W/m·K

0 429

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Critical Temperature

2,041.00 K1,941.00 K

26.3 3695

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Thermal Expansion

8.80 µm/(m·K)8.60 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

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Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

510.50 kJ/mol429.00 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

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Enthalpy of Fusion

19.70 kJ/mol15.48 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

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Enthalpy of Atomization

565.00 kJ/mol468.60 kJ/mol

61.5 837

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Standard Molar Entropy

41.60 J/mol.K27.30 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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