1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Rh
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
7440166
Rank: 63 (Overall) ▶
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
225.00
Rank: 2 (Overall) ▶
11
229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
- Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1804
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %
Rank: 26 (Overall) ▶
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
Rank: 25 (Overall) ▶
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 36 (Overall) ▶
1.7E-07
22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
Rank: 55 (Overall) ▶
9.9E-12
8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
2E-23
1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1E-13
1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
- It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
NA
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
✔
✘
60% - Transition Metals Metals have it !
▶
3.2.3 In Blood
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,966.00 °C
Rank: 12 (Overall) ▶
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,727.00 °C
Rank: 17 (Overall) ▶
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
980.00 MPa
Rank: 9 (Overall) ▶
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
1,100.00 MPa
Rank: 9 (Overall) ▶
121
3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s
Rank: 15 (Overall) ▶
818
16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.000933
1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
84.00 %
Rank: 4 (Overall) ▶
58
97
4.7 Allotropes
✔
✘
6% - Transition Metals Metals have it !
▶
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Rh
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.22
2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.45
Rank: 16 (Overall) ▶
0.86
1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.62
2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.56
Rank: 24 (Overall) ▶
0.659
2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
1.72
Rank: 50 (Overall) ▶
1.46
3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
719.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall) ▶
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,740.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 26 (Overall) ▶
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,997.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall) ▶
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
14110
134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
17100
144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
19900
169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
22219
189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
26930
76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
29196
86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
41987
97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
47206
109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
52737
122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
58570
134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
64702
148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
80400
171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
87000
179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
93400
184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
98420
198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
104400
195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
121900
121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
127700
127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
133800
133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
139800
139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
148100
148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
154500
154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.28 g/amp-hr
Rank: 50 (Overall) ▶
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
4.98 eV
Rank: 6 (Overall) ▶
2.14
5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
134.00 pm
Rank: 43 (Overall) ▶
112
265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
142.00 pm
Rank: 42 (Overall) ▶
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
Rank: 28 (Overall) ▶
139
348
6.6 Atomic Weight
102.91 amu
Rank: 61 (Overall) ▶
6.94
294
6.7 Atomic Volume
8.30 cm3/mol
Rank: 59 (Overall) ▶
1.39
71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
64.00 (-eV)
Rank: 22 (Overall) ▶
8
392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
380.34 pm
Rank: 27 (Overall) ▶
228.58
891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.567
1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
12.41 g/cm3
Rank: 28 (Overall) ▶
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.70 g/cm3
Rank: 14 (Overall) ▶
0.512
20
7.2 Tensile Strength
951.00 MPa
Rank: 5 (Overall) ▶
2.5
11000
7.3 Viscosity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.001526
0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
2.47E-11
121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.02 (Pa)
Rank: 19 (Overall) ▶
2.62E-10
774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
150.00 GPa
Rank: 6 (Overall) ▶
1.3
222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
275.00 GPa
Rank: 5 (Overall) ▶
1.6
462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
380.00 GPa
Rank: 5 (Overall) ▶
1.7
528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.26
Rank: 22 (Overall) ▶
0.032
0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.41
Rank: 20 (Overall) ▶
0.53
4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.25643E-06
0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
-0.000166
200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
43.30 nΩ·m
Rank: 46 (Overall) ▶
0.18
961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω
Rank: 8 (Overall) ▶
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
109.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall) ▶
0
222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)
Rank: 22 (Overall) ▶
0.11
3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.98 J/mol·K
Rank: 45 (Overall) ▶
16.443
62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
150.00 W/m·K
Rank: 9 (Overall) ▶
6.3
429
9.4 Critical Temperature
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
26.3
3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
8.20 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 47 (Overall) ▶
4.5
97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
495.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall) ▶
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
21.76 kJ/mol
Rank: 10 (Overall) ▶
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
556.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall) ▶
61.5
837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
31.50 J/mol.K
Rank: 49 (Overall) ▶
9.5
198.1