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Osmium
Osmium




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What is Osmium?

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

Os

1.2 Group Number

8
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Gadolinium
0 17

1.3 Period Number

6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Lithium
2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Element Family

Transition Metal

1.6 CAS Number

7440042
Rank: 75 (Overall)
Aluminium
7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

P63/mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Plutonium
11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.

2.2 Sources

Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Smithson Tennant

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1803

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

3 * 10-7 %
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Thallium
5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.0000002 %
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %
Rank: 28 (Overall)
Gold
1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %
Rank: 53 (Overall)
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Radium
1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

NA

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Highly Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

60% - Transition Metals Metals have it !

3.2.3 In Blood

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium
0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium
0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

3,045.00 °C
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Francium
27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

5,027.00 °C
Rank: 6 (Overall)
Flerovium
147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Silvery Bluish-Gray

4.3.3 Luster

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

7.00
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Cesium
0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

3,490.00 MPa
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Cesium
0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Palladium
121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

4,940.00 m/s
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Thallium
818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
58 97

4.7 Allotropes

6% - Transition Metals Metals have it !

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

Os

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

35
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Tennessine
0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

2.20
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Francium
0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.52
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Cesium
0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

1.65
Rank: 19 (Overall)
Cesium
0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

1.80
Rank: 49 (Overall)
Gold
1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

840.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Cesium
375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,309.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 53 (Overall)
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

1,600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 82 (Overall)
Tin
1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Thorium
2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Dubnium
4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bohrium
7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Hassium
8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Strontium
17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Manganese
41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Iron
47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cobalt
52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nickel
58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Copper
64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

1.77 g/amp-hr
Rank: 38 (Overall)
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

4.83 eV
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Cesium
2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

76
Rank: 40 (Overall)
Lithium
3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2

6.3 Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

76
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Lithium
3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

114
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Lithium
4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

76
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Lithium
3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

133.80 pm
Rank: 44 (Overall)
Beryllium
112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium
96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

216.00 pm
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Zinc
139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

190.23 amu
Rank: 35 (Overall)
Lithium
6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

8.49 cm3/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)
Manganese
1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

91.40 (-eV)
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Francium
8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

273.44 pm
Rank: 66 (Overall)
Beryllium
228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

1.58
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Beryllium
1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

22.59 g/cm3
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Lithium
0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

20.00 g/cm3
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Lithium
0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

1,000.00 MPa
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Indium
2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cerium
2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 28 (Overall)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

222.00 GPa
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Potassium
1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

462.00 GPa
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Cesium
1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

0.25
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Beryllium
0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

22.57
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Lithium
0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

81.20 nΩ·m
Rank: 35 (Overall)
Thallium
0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

0.11 106/cm Ω
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

106.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Mercury
0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

0.13 J/(kg K)
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Americium
0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

24.70 J/mol·K
Rank: 49 (Overall)
Beryllium
16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

87.60 W/m·K
Rank: 19 (Overall)
Neptunium
6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Ytterbium
26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

5.10 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 56 (Overall)
Tungsten
4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

627.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Zinc
7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

29.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Cesium
2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

669.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
Mercury
61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

32.60 J/mol.K
Rank: 47 (Overall)
Beryllium
9.5 198.1