1 Facts
1.1 Interesting Facts
- Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
- Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
- Gadolinium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Gadolinium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
1.2 Sources
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
1.3 History
1.3.1 Who Discovered
Karl Ernst Claus
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
1.3.2 Discovery
1.4 Abundance
1.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %2 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
1.6.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000005 %~0.0000002 %
1E-08
0.1
2.1.2 Abundance In Meteorites
2.1.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.1.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.2.1 Abundance In Humans