Fermium

Strontium

Fermium vs Strontium

Fermium

Strontium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

NA2

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

f block

s block

1.5 Element Family

Actinide

Alkaline Earth

1.6 CAS Number

74407247440246

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Not Available

Fm_ 3m

1.8 Space Group Number

NA225.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
Fermium is synthetically produced metal.

Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.

2.2 Sources

Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

William Cruickshank

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1952

In 1787

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

NA4 * 10^-6 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~0.000005 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

NA0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

NA0.04 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

NA0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

NA0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.

Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Unknown

Non Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.03 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.140.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

1,527.00 °C769.00 °C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

NA1,384.00 °C

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Unknown

Silvery White

4.3.3 Luster

Not Defined

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NA1.50

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NANA

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NANA

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NANA

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

1827

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

1.300.95

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NA0.72

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.200.99

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NA1.00

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

NA0.96

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.703.05

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

627.00 kJ/mol549.50 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,225.00 kJ/mol1,064.20 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,363.00 kJ/mol4,138.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

3,792.00 kJ/mol5,500.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

NA6,910.00 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NA8,760.00 kJ/mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NA10,230.00 kJ/mol

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

NA11,800.00 kJ/mol

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

NA15,600.00 kJ/mol

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

NA17,100.00 kJ/mol

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

NA31,270.00 kJ/mol

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

1.2.1 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

1.2.2 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

1.3.1 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

1.3.2 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

1.4 Electrochemical Equivalent

3.20 g/amp-hr1.64 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

1.8 Electron Work Function

NA2.59 eV

2.14 5.65

1.11 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility

2 Atomic

2.1 Atomic Number

10038

3 117

3.5 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 5f¹² 7s²

[Kr] 5s²

3.6 Crystal Structure

Not Known

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

3.6.1 Crystal Lattice

3.7 Atom

3.7.1 Number of Protons

10038

3 117

3.7.3 Number of Neutrons

15750

4 184

3.7.5 Number of Electrons

10038

3 117

3.8 Radius of an Atom

3.8.1 Atomic Radius

NA215.00 pm

112 265

3.8.3 Covalent Radius

NA195.00 pm

96 260

3.8.5 Van der Waals Radius

245.00 pm249.00 pm

139 348

3.9 Atomic Weight

257.00 amu87.62 amu

6.94 294

4.3 Atomic Volume

NA33.70 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

4.4 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

4.4.1 Previous Element

4.4.2 Next Element

4.5 Valence Electron Potential

NA25.70 (-eV)

8 392.42

5.2 Lattice Constant

NA608.49 pm

228.58 891.25

5.4 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

5.5 Lattice C/A Ratio

NANA

1.567 1.886

6 Mechanical

6.1 Density

6.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

NA2.64 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

6.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NA2.38 g/cm3

0.512 20

6.4 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

6.5 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

6.7 Vapor Pressure

6.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA121.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

6.7.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NANA

2.62E-10 774

6.9 Elasticity properties

6.9.1 Shear Modulus

NA6.03 GPa

1.3 222

7.2.2 Bulk Modulus

NANA

1.6 462

7.2.3 Young's Modulus

NA15.70 GPa

1.7 528

7.4 Poisson Ratio

NA0.28

0.032 0.47

7.5 Other Mechanical Properties

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

NA2.64

0.53 4500

8.1.3 Magnetic Ordering

Unknown

Paramagnetic

8.1.4 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.6 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Unknown

8.2.2 Resistivity

NA132.00 nΩ·m

0.18 961

8.4.2 Electrical Conductivity

NA0.08 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.4.4 Electron Affinity

NA5.03 kJ/mol

0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

NA0.30 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

NA26.40 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

NA35.40 W/m·K

6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

NA22.50 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NA150.00 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA9.16 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.5 Enthalpy of Atomization

NA163.20 kJ/mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

NA55.00 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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