×

Hafnium
Hafnium

Iridium
Iridium



ADD
Compare
X
Hafnium
X
Iridium

Hafnium vs Iridium

Add ⊕
1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Hf
Ir
1.2 Group Number
49
Gadolinium
0 17
1.4 Period Number
66
Lithium
2 7
1.6 Block
d block
d block
1.7 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.8 CAS Number
74405867439885
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.10 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
1.11 Space Group Number
194.00225.00
Plutonium
11 229
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
  • Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
  • Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
4.2 Sources
By-product Zirconium Refining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Smithson Tennant
4.3.2 Discovery
In 1922
In 1803
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %2 * 10-7 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
4.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~0.0000002 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
4.9.1 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
4.9.3 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
4.11.1 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
4.11.2 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It has an ability to absorb neutrons and hence it is used to make control rods in nuclear submarines. And this metal is also used in Plasma welding torches.
  • It alloys with iron, titanium and niobium are very useful.
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
5.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
NANA
Plutonium
0 1970
5.2.6 In Bone
NANA
Plutonium
0 170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
2,150.00 °C2,410.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
6.3 Boiling Point
5,400.00 °C4,527.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
6.6 Appearance
6.6.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
6.6.2 Color
Gray
Silvery White
6.6.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
6.7 Hardness
6.7.1 Mohs Hardness
5.506.50
Cesium
0.2 8.5
6.9.1 Brinell Hardness
1,450.00 MPa1,670.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
6.10.1 Vickers Hardness
1,520.00 MPa1,760.00 MPa
Palladium
121 3430
6.11 Speed of Sound
3,010.00 m/s4,825.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
7.2 Optical Properties
7.2.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
7.2.2 Reflectivity
NA78.00 %
Molybdenum
58 97
7.3 Allotropes
7.3.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.3.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.3.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
Hf
Ir
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
3234
Tennessine
0 38
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.302.20
Francium
0.7 2.54
8.5.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
8.6.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.231.55
Cesium
0.86 1.82
8.6.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
8.7.2 Allen Electronegativity
1.161.68
Cesium
0.659 2.7
8.8 Electropositivity
8.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.701.80
Gold
1.46 3.3
8.9 Ionization Energies
8.9.1 1st Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol880.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
8.9.3 2nd Energy Level
1,440.00 kJ/mol1,600.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
8.9.4 3rd Energy Level
2,250.00 kJ/molNA
Osmium
1600 34230
8.10.1 4th Energy Level
3,216.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium
2780 37066
9.1.2 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
9.1.5 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
9.1.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
9.2.3 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
9.2.4 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
9.2.6 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
9.2.7 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
9.2.9 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
10.1.1 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
10.2.1 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
10.3.1 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
10.3.2 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
10.4.1 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
10.5.1 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
10.5.2 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
10.6.2 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
10.6.3 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
10.6.5 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
10.6.6 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
10.6.8 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
10.6.9 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
10.7.1 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
10.7.2 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
10.7.3 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
10.7.4 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
10.7.5 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
10.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.66 g/amp-hr1.14 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
10.9 Electron Work Function
3.90 eV4.55 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
10.10 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
11 Atomic
11.1 Atomic Number
7277
Lithium
3 117
11.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
11.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
11.3.1 Crystal Lattice
11.4 Atom
11.4.1 Number of Protons
7274
Lithium
3 117
11.4.2 Number of Neutrons
106110
Lithium
4 184
11.4.3 Number of Electrons
7274
Lithium
3 117
11.5 Radius of an Atom
11.5.1 Atomic Radius
159.00 pm136.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
11.5.2 Covalent Radius
175.00 pm141.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
11.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm202.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
11.6 Atomic Weight
178.49 amu192.22 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
11.7 Atomic Volume
13.60 cm3/mol9.53 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
11.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.8.1 Previous Element
11.8.2 Next Element
11.9 Valence Electron Potential
81.00 (-eV)140.00 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
11.10 Lattice Constant
319.64 pm383.90 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
11.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
11.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58NA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
13.31 g/cm322.56 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
12.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.00 g/cm319.00 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
12.2 Tensile Strength
445.00 MPa2,000.00 MPa
Indium
2.5 11000
12.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
12.4 Vapor Pressure
12.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
12.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
12.5 Elasticity properties
12.5.1 Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa210.00 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
12.5.2 Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa320.00 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
12.5.3 Young's Modulus
78.00 GPa528.00 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
12.6 Poisson Ratio
0.370.26
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
12.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
13 Magnetic
13.1 Magnetic Characteristics
13.1.1 Specific Gravity
13.3121.78
Lithium
0.53 4500
13.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
13.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
13.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
13.2 Electrical Properties
13.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
13.2.2 Resistivity
331.00 nΩ·m47.10 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
13.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω0.19 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
13.2.4 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol151.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
14 Thermal
14.1 Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
14.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.73 J/mol·K25.10 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
14.3 Thermal Conductivity
23.00 W/m·K147.00 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
14.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
14.5 Thermal Expansion
5.90 µm/(m·K)6.40 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
14.6 Enthalpy
14.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
661.10 kJ/mol799.10 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
14.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
25.10 kJ/mol35.23 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
14.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
703.00 kJ/mol837.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
14.7 Standard Molar Entropy
43.60 J/mol.K35.50 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1