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Livermorium vs Fermium

Livermorium
Fermium
Fermium vs Livermorium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Lv  
Fm  
Group Number
16  
2
3  
15
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
p block  
f block  
Element Family
Probably Post-​Transition  
Actinide  
CAS Number
54100719  
3
7440724  
19
Space Group Name
-  
-  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
Livermorium was first synthesized in 2000 by a joint Russian-American research team.  
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Synthetically Produced  
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 2000  
In 1952  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.50 p.p.m.  
22
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
1,527.00 °C  
26
Boiling Point
3,500.00 °C  
18
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
-  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
4,600.00 m/s  
21
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
66.00 %  
17
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Lv  
Fm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
5  
32
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00  
8
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.90  
1
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.90  
8
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
723.60 kJ/mol  
28
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,331.50 kJ/mol  
99+
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,846.30 kJ/mol  
35
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,811.20 kJ/mol  
99+
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,078.60 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
38
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
34
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
31
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
30
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
14th Energy Level
1,168.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
15th Energy Level
70,900.00 kJ/mol  
26
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
16th Energy Level
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
17th Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
23
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
32
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
19th Energy Level
1,169.70 kJ/mol  
13
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
370.00 kJ/mol  
99+
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
24th Energy Level
548.90 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
25th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
27
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
26th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
27th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
31
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
32
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.47 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
116  
2
100  
18
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4  
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Livermorium.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
116  
2
100  
18
Number of Neutrons
160  
5
157  
8
Number of Electrons
116  
2
100  
18
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm  
12
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
183.00 pm  
22
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
245.00 pm  
13
Atomic Weight
293.00 amu  
2
257.00 amu  
15
Atomic Volume
22.90 cm3/mol  
16
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Moscovium
  
Einsteinium
  
Next Element
No Next Element  
Mendelevium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
362.15 pm  
36
350.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
22
1.63  
13
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.90 g/cm3  
28
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.90 g/cm3  
30
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
28.50 GPa  
30
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
42.00 GPa  
34
50.00 GPa  
24
Young's Modulus
12.50 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
12.00  
34
9.70  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
10
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
0.50 nΩ·m  
99+
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
722.00 kJ/mol  
3
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
380.50 kJ/mol  
32
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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