Symbol
Pr
  
Mc
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
6
  
7
  
Block
f block
  
p block
  
Element Family
Lanthanide
  
Probably Post-Transition
  
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
  
Not Available
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
- Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
  
Not Available
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
Synthetically Produced
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available
  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
  
Discovery
In 1885
  
In 2003
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
  
26
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
-
This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
  
- Currently known uses of Ununpentium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
  
NA
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys
  
Research Purposes
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
  
Unknown
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
No
  
Boiling Point
3,130.00 °C
  
27
1,100.00 °C
  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Grayish White
  
Unknown
  
Luster
Metallic
  
Unknown Luster
  
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
2,280.00 m/s
  
40
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Pr
  
Mc
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
538.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,020.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,756.00 kJ/mol
  
24
3rd Energy Level
2,086.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2,653.30 kJ/mol
  
40
4th Energy Level
3,761.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
4,679.50 kJ/mol
  
24
5th Energy Level
5,551.00 kJ/mol
  
29
5,721.60 kJ/mol
  
27
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.75 g/amp-hr
  
40
Not Available
  
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
  
Chemical Stability, Ionization
  
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3
  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Not Known
  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Ununpentium.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available
  
Covalent Radius
Not Available
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Weight
140.91 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
20.80 cm3/mol
  
15
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
42.64 (-eV)
  
99+
Not Available
  
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
NA
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3
  
99+
4.51 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
  
Unknown
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor
  
Unknown
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 10
6/cm Ω
  
99+
Not Available
  
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
  
32
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
  
18
Not Available
  
Thermal Conductivity
12.50 W/m·K
  
99+
Not Available
  
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
6.70 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
296.80 kJ/mol
  
29
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.89 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Atomization
368.00 kJ/mol
  
24
Not Available
  
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K
  
10
Not Available