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Seaborgium
Seaborgium

Thallium
Thallium



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Seaborgium
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Seaborgium Thallium Comparison

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Sg
Tl
1.2 Group Number
613
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
76
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
p block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-​Transition
1.6 CAS Number
540388127440280
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Not Available
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
NA194.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Seaborgium most stable isotope is Sg and it has 2.1 min of half- life.
  • And other isotopes of Seaborgium have half-lives as short as 3 ms.
  • Compounds of Thallium metal are highly Toxic.
  • Thallium metal is being suspected as a human carcinogen.
2.2 Sources
Synthetically Produced
Found As a By-product, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
William Crookes
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1974
In 1861
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NA5 * 10-9 %
Palladium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000001 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
NA0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
NA0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
NA0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Seaborgium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Thallium is a toxic metal and hence it has limited uses. Thallium metal is mostly used for producing photoelectric cells.
  • In thermometer’s mercury alloy has 8% of thallium, as it has a melting point lower than 20°C.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Medical Research
3.1.3 Other Uses
Research Purposes
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Unknown
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NA0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
NA303.50 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
NA1,457.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Unknown
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Unknown Luster
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NA1.20
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NA26.50 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
NA818.00 m/s
Palladium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Sg
Tl
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
932
Tennessine Metal
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
NA1.62
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NA2.25
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
NA1.44
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA1.96
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.79
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
NA2.38
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
757.40 kJ/mol589.40 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,732.90 kJ/mol1,971.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,483.50 kJ/mol2,878.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
3,415.60 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
4,561.80 kJ/molNA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
5,715.80 kJ/molNA
Sodium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA7.63 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
NA3.84 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
NA
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
10681
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
10681
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
157123
Lithium Metal
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
10681
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
132.00 pm170.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
143.00 pm145.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
NA196.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
269.00 amu204.38 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
NA17.20 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
NA9.60 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
NA345.66 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
Unknown
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NA1.60
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
35.00 g/cm311.85 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NA11.22 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA16.90 (Pa)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
NA2.80 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NA43.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
NA8.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
NA0.45
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile, Sectile
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
NA11.85
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
Diamagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
NA0.18 nΩ·m
Palladium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.06 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
NA19.20 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
NA0.13 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA26.32 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
NA46.10 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
NA29.90 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA162.10 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
NA4.27 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
NA179.90 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA64.20 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1