Gadolinium mungsuh calcium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Gd
Ca
Panggil Group
0
18
2
16
Panggil periode
6
4
Block
pemblokiran f
s pemblokiran
Family unsur
lanthanide
alkalin bumi
CAS Number
7440542
33
7440702
21
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
- Calcium rangking Alexa 5th ing dhaftar turah mbrawah bumi persentasi.
- Iki urip ing negara senyawa.
- Gypsum utawa calcium sulfat digunakake minangka plester lan plester saka paris.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Humphry Davy
Discovery
ing taun 1880
ing taun 1808
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
7 * 10-3 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.007 %
4
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
34
1.10 %
4
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
30
5.00 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
38
0.00 %
5
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
1.40 %
1
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
NA
Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
60.50 Sang / mg dm-3
4
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
170,000.00 ppm
1
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,311.00 ° C
35
839.00 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
3,233.00 ° C
25
1,484.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Gray
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
1.75
17
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
170.00 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
510.00 MPa
22
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
2,680.00 m / s
34
3,810.00 m / s
19
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Gd
Ca
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
19
20
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.20
39
1.00
99+
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
0.95
24
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
1.04
34
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.08
17
Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.03
39
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80
15
3.00
9
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
589.80 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,145.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
4,912.40 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 4
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
6,491.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
8,153.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
10,496.00 kJ / mol
8
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
12,270.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
14,206.00 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
18,191.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
20,385.00 kJ / mol
16
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
57,110.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
63,410.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
70,110.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
78,890.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
86,310.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
94,000.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
104,900.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
111,711.00 kJ / mol
8
padha karo elektrokimia
1.96 g / amp-day
32
0.75 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
3.10 eV
35
2.87 eV
38
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
64
99+
20
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
[Ar] 4s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Calcium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
64
99+
20
99+
Jumlah Neutron
93
37
20
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
64
99+
20
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
180.00 pm
14
197.00 pm
6
kovalen Radius
196.00 pm
14
176.00 pm
22
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm
15
231.00 pm
19
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
40.08 Amu
99+
Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
29.90 cm3 / mol
7
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
46.10 (-eV)
34
29.00 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
363.60 pm
32
558.84 pm
9
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
9
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
1.55 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.40 g / cm3
31
1.38 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
30
25.50 (Pa)
3
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)
9
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
21.80 GPA
33
7.40 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
37.90 GPA
34
17.00 GPA
99+
Young kang pengaturan
54.80 GPA
35
20.00 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.26
23
0.31
13
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.90
40
4.58
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
33.60 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.30 10 6 / cm Ω
6
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
2.37 kJ / mol
39
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
0.63 J / (kg K)
7
Graham Kapasitas kalor
37.03 J / mol · K
2
25.93 J / mol · K
34
doyo termal
10.60 W / m · K
99+
201.00 W / m · K
5
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
22.30 μm / (m · K)
19
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
359.40 kJ / mol
21
150.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.05 kJ / mol
36
8.54 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
352.00 kJ / mol
27
184.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
68.10 J / mol.K
16
41.60 J / mol.K
36
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