Gadolinium mungsuh Erbium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Gd
Er
Panggil Group
0
18
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
lanthanide
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440542
33
7440520
35
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
- Erbium logam digunakake minangka alloyed karo Vanadium wis alus.
- Panaliten anyar nuduhake yen iku mbiyantu kanggo metabolisme.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining
History
sing katutup
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
ing taun 1880
Wonten ing taun 1842
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
36
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
32
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
38
0.00 %
36
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
- Wis cenderung kanggo njaluk tarnished ing online mbukak, nanging nalika alloyed karo unsur kaya erbium, vanadium, tingkat atose sudo.
- senyawa kaya Erbium oxide digunakake ing kaca tingal safety saka welders lan buruh metal.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
mildly Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ora
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,311.00 ° C
35
1,522.00 ° C
28
Boiling Point
3,233.00 ° C
25
2,510.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
metallic
lustrous
atose
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
814.00 MPa
11
Vickers atose
510.00 MPa
22
589.00 MPa
19
Kacepetan swara
2,680.00 m / s
34
2,830.00 m / s
28
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Gd
Er
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
31
8
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.20
39
1.24
36
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
1.11
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80
15
2.76
18
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
589.30 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,150.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,194.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
padha karo elektrokimia
1.96 g / amp-day
32
2.08 g / amp-day
28
Fungsi Work elektron
3.10 eV
35
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
64
99+
68
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 12 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Erbium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
64
99+
68
99+
Jumlah Neutron
93
37
99
33
Jumlah Èlèktron
64
99+
68
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
180.00 pm
14
176.00 pm
18
kovalen Radius
196.00 pm
14
189.00 pm
19
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm
15
ora Sumadhiya
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
167.26 Amu
99+
Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
18.40 cm3 / mol
25
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
46.10 (-eV)
34
49.00 (-eV)
29
Constant pola
363.60 pm
32
355.88 pm
39
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
9
1.57
17
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
9.07 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.40 g / cm3
31
8.86 g / cm3
23
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
30
0.00 (Pa)
20
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)
9
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
21.80 GPA
33
28.30 GPA
25
pengaturan akeh
37.90 GPA
34
44.40 GPA
27
Young kang pengaturan
54.80 GPA
35
69.90 GPA
29
Poisson rasio
0.26
23
0.24
28
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.90
40
9.07
32
Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
0.86 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
0.17 J / (kg K)
34
Graham Kapasitas kalor
37.03 J / mol · K
2
28.12 J / mol · K
11
doyo termal
10.60 W / m · K
99+
14.50 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
12.20 μm / (m · K)
31
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
359.40 kJ / mol
21
261.00 kJ / mol
35
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.05 kJ / mol
36
17.20 kJ / mol
15
Enthalpy saka atomization
352.00 kJ / mol
27
314.00 kJ / mol
33
Standard molar Entropy
68.10 J / mol.K
16
73.10 J / mol.K
11
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