Gadolinium mungsuh Scandium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Gd
Sc
Panggil Group
0
18
3
15
Panggil periode
6
4
Block
pemblokiran f
d block
Family unsur
lanthanide
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440542
33
7440202
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
- Scandium dikenal minangka salah siji saka unsur bumi.
- metal Scandium ditemokake ing mineral langka disebut wolframite.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Discovery
ing taun 1880
ing taun 1879
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
3 * 10-6 %
15
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.000004 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
18
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
23
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
38
0.00 %
32
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
22
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 ppm
34
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,311.00 ° C
35
1,539.00 ° C
24
Boiling Point
3,233.00 ° C
25
2,832.00 ° C
35
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
metallic
lustrous
atose
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
750.00 MPa
12
Vickers atose
510.00 MPa
22
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
2,680.00 m / s
34
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Gd
Sc
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
13
26
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.20
39
1.36
29
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.02
21
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
1.20
27
Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.19
36
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80
15
2.64
25
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
633.10 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,235.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,388.60 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
7,090.60 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
8,843.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
10,679.00 kJ / mol
7
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
13,310.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
15,250.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
17,370.00 kJ / mol
14
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
21,726.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
24,102.00 kJ / mol
16
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
66,320.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
73,010.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
80,160.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
89,490.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
97,400.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
105,600.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
117,000.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya
124,270.00 kJ / mol
8
padha karo elektrokimia
1.96 g / amp-day
32
0.56 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
3.10 eV
35
3.50 eV
31
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
64
99+
21
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
[Ar] 3d 1 4s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
64
99+
21
99+
Jumlah Neutron
93
37
24
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
64
99+
21
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
180.00 pm
14
162.00 pm
26
kovalen Radius
196.00 pm
14
170.00 pm
25
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm
15
211.00 pm
25
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
44.96 Amu
99+
Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
15.00 cm3 / mol
34
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
46.10 (-eV)
34
58.00 (-eV)
24
Constant pola
363.60 pm
32
330.90 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
9
1.59
7
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
2.99 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.40 g / cm3
31
2.80 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
30
0.00 (Pa)
22
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)
9
91.30 (Pa)
3
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
21.80 GPA
33
29.10 GPA
24
pengaturan akeh
37.90 GPA
34
56.60 GPA
21
Young kang pengaturan
54.80 GPA
35
74.40 GPA
26
Poisson rasio
0.26
23
0.28
18
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.90
40
2.99
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
562.00 nΩ · m
10
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
18.10 kJ / mol
33
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
0.60 J / (kg K)
8
Graham Kapasitas kalor
37.03 J / mol · K
2
25.52 J / mol · K
37
doyo termal
10.60 W / m · K
99+
15.80 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
10.20 μm / (m · K)
39
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
359.40 kJ / mol
21
314.20 kJ / mol
28
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.05 kJ / mol
36
14.10 kJ / mol
25
Enthalpy saka atomization
352.00 kJ / mol
27
343.00 kJ / mol
28
Standard molar Entropy
68.10 J / mol.K
16
34.60 J / mol.K
99+
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