Hafnium mungsuh Thallium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Hf
Tl
Panggil Group
4
14
13
5
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
d block
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
transisi Metal
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440586
30
7440280
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
- Senyawa saka logam Thallium Highly Toxic.
- metal Thallium lagi seng di tuduh minangka karsinogen manungsa.
sumber
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
Found Minangka By-produk, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
William Crookes
Discovery
ing taun 1922
ing 1861
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
5 * 10-9 %
32
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
37
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
31
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
27
0.00 %
34
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi
Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
NA
Medical Research
Ulah liyane
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
34
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 ppm
33
fisik Properties
leleh Point
2,150.00 ° C
10
303.50 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
5,400.00 ° C
5
1,457.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
perak Putih
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
5.50
7
1.20
20
Brinell atose
1,450.00 MPa
6
26.50 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
1,520.00 MPa
5
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
3,010.00 m / s
27
818.00 m / s
99+
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Hf
Tl
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.30
32
1.62
21
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
2.25
5
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.23
25
1.44
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.96
6
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.16
37
1.79
13
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
2.38
33
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
658.50 kJ / mol
40
589.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,971.00 kJ / mol
14
Level Energy 3rd
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,878.00 kJ / mol
32
Level Energy 4
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
7.63 g / amp-day
2
Fungsi Work elektron
3.90 eV
27
3.84 eV
28
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
72
99+
81
35
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 1
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
72
99+
81
35
Jumlah Neutron
106
29
123
20
Jumlah Èlèktron
72
99+
81
35
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
159.00 pm
28
170.00 pm
22
kovalen Radius
175.00 pm
23
145.00 pm
39
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
196.00 pm
30
Bobot atom
178.49 Amu
39
204.38 Amu
31
Volume atom
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
17.20 cm3 / mol
31
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
81.00 (-eV)
16
9.60 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
319.64 pm
99+
345.66 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.58
12
1.60
6
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
13.31 g / cm 3
26
11.85 g / cm 3
31
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
12.00 g / cm3
12
11.22 g / cm3
13
Strength tensile
445.00 MPa
8
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
16.90 (Pa)
5
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
24
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
30.00 GPA
23
2.80 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA
15
43.00 GPA
28
Young kang pengaturan
78.00 GPA
25
8.00 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.37
7
0.45
2
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, Sectile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
13.31
18
11.85
22
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
331.00 nΩ · m
14
0.18 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
0.06 10 6 / cm Ω
32
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol
40
19.20 kJ / mol
32
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.73 J / mol · K
36
26.32 J / mol · K
29
doyo termal
23.00 W / m · K
99+
46.10 W / m · K
33
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
29.90 μm / (m · K)
12
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
661.10 kJ / mol
5
162.10 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
25.10 kJ / mol
8
4.27 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
703.00 kJ / mol
5
179.90 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
43.60 J / mol.K
34
64.20 J / mol.K
19
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