Indium

Praseodymium

Indium mungsuh Praseodymium

Indium

Praseodymium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

13ora Sumadhiya

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

p pemblokiran

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

Transisi Post-

lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

74407467440100

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

I4 / mmm

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

139.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Luster saka Indium iku padhang ing alam.
Reich lan sugih padha looking for thallium ing logam seng lan lajeng manggihaken Indium logam.

Praseodymium logam sintetik diprodhuksi logam.
Praseodymium digunakake minangka bahan bakar kanggo generator radioaktif.

2.2 sumber

Mining, Ores logam

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter

Not Available

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1863

ing taun 1885

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

3 * 10^-8 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000004 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Kang digunakake kanggo gawé indium timah oxide (Ito), kang digunakake ing Manufaktur layar tutul, warata layar TV lan solar.

nitride sawijining, phosphide lan antimonide digunakake ing transistor lan microchips.

Gunakake utama Praseodymium kalebu wesi. Praseodymium -Magnesium alloy digunakake ing mesin pesawat amarga kekuatan dhuwur.
metal iki uga digunakake nalika nggawe wesi sembrani permanen.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile

Industri Kimia

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Medical Research

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

arep Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

156.61 ° C935.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,000.00 ° C3,130.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

perak Gray

klawu putih

4.3.3 luster

lustrous

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

1.20ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

8.80 MPa481.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya400.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

1,215.00 m / s2,280.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3531

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.781.13

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

2.14ora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.491.07

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

1.76ora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.66ora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.222.87

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

558.30 kJ / mol527.00 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,820.70 kJ / mol1,020.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,704.00 kJ / mol2,086.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

5,210.00 kJ / mol3,761.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya5,551.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

1.43 g / amp-day1.75 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

4.12 eV2.70 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

4959

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ² 5p ¹

[Xe] 4F ³ 6s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Tetragonal (TETR)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

4959

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

6682

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

4959

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

167.00 pm182.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

142.00 pm203.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

193.00 pm239.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

114.82 Amu140.91 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

15.70 cm3 / mol20.80 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

54.00 (-eV)42.64 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

325.23 pm367.25 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.61

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

7.31 g / cm ³6.77 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

7.02 g / cm36.50 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

2.50 MPaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.01 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya13.20 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

ora Sumadhiya14.80 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

ora Sumadhiya28.80 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

11.00 GPA37.30 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

ora Sumadhiya0.28

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

7.316.77

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

83.70 nΩ · m0.70 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.12 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

28.90 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.23 J / (kg K)0.19 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

26.74 J / mol · K27.20 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

81.80 W / m · K12.50 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

32.10 μm / (m · K)6.70 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

226.40 kJ / mol296.80 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

3.28 kJ / mol6.89 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

242.70 kJ / mol368.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

57.80 J / mol.K73.20 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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