mbandhingaké Bismuth lan Lead
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Bi
Pb
Panggil Group
15
3
14
4
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
p pemblokiran
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440699
22
7439921
99+
Jeneng papan Group
C12 / m1
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
12.00
12
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- metal Bismuth larut lan apa sing ditanggepi karo asam nitrat klempakan.
- Iku oksida digunakake minangka pigmen kuning ing Paint. Bismuth klorida oxide BiClO menehi susunan pearly kanggo Kosmetik.
- Galena Mineral ngandhut meh 87% saka logam Lead ing, Galena punika sulfide Mineral.
- Sumber kasedhiya paling saka logam Lead dina iku dening ulang batre automobile.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Claude François Geoffroy
Unknown
Discovery
ing taun 1753
Ing Tengah Easterns (7000 SM)
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-8 %
25
1 * 10-6 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000006 %
14
~0.000001 %
18
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
23
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
8
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Tin lan wesi bismuth duwe titik leleh banget kurang lan Empu kang digunakake ing layang geni lan geni extinguishers. Uga digunakake ing solders elektrik lan nyawijikaké.
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing insecticides, alami rambute lan minangka aditif anti-nuthuk kanggo bensin. Nanging kabeh iki dilarang déning pamaréntah minangka logam Lead dikenal kanggo ngrugekake kanggo kesehatan.
Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Industry Pharmaceutical
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Low Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.02 Sang / mg dm-3
20
0.21 Sang / mg dm-3
11
ing Bone
0.20 ppm
22
30.00 ppm
10
fisik Properties
leleh Point
271.30 ° C
99+
327.50 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
1,560.00 ° C
99+
1,740.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Silver
Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
2.25
15
1.50
18
Brinell atose
70.00 MPa
99+
38.00 MPa
99+
Kacepetan swara
1,790.00 m / s
99+
1,190.00 m / s
99+
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Bi
Pb
isotop
Isotop dikenal
33
6
35
4
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
2.02
6
1.87
13
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.34
3
2.29
4
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.67
6
1.55
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.15
4
2.41
2
Allen Elektronegativitas
2.01
4
1.85
8
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98
99+
1.67
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
703.00 kJ / mol
35
715.60 kJ / mol
31
Level Energy 2
1,610.00 kJ / mol
33
1,450.50 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,466.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,081.50 kJ / mol
23
Level Energy 4
4,370.00 kJ / mol
28
4,083.00 kJ / mol
35
Level Energy 5th
5,400.00 kJ / mol
30
6,640.00 kJ / mol
20
Level Energy 6th
8,520.00 kJ / mol
19
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
2.60 g / amp-day
19
3.87 g / amp-day
9
Fungsi Work elektron
4.22 eV
22
4.25 eV
21
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
83
33
82
34
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 3
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 2
Struktur Crystal
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
83
33
82
34
Jumlah Neutron
126
18
125
19
Jumlah Èlèktron
83
33
82
34
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
156.00 pm
29
175.00 pm
19
kovalen Radius
148.00 pm
36
146.00 pm
38
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm
26
202.00 pm
27
Bobot atom
208.98 Amu
29
207.20 Amu
30
Volume atom
21.30 cm3 / mol
14
18.17 cm3 / mol
27
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
41.90 (-eV)
99+
24.20 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
667.40 pm
2
495.08 pm
16
pola Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.78 g / cm 3
39
11.34 g / cm 3
33
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
10.05 g / cm3
18
10.66 g / cm3
15
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
12.00 MPa
20
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
1.64 (Pa)
7
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
12.00 GPA
99+
5.60 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
31.00 GPA
38
46.00 GPA
24
Young kang pengaturan
32.00 GPA
99+
16.00 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.33
11
0.44
3
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
9.79
30
11.35
25
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
diamagnetic
permeabilitas
0.00 H / m
6
ora Sumadhiya
kelemahan
0.00
6
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Semiconductor
Arman miskin
resistivity
1.29 nΩ · m
99+
208.00 nΩ · m
16
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
36
elektron Affinity
91.20 kJ / mol
11
35.10 kJ / mol
28
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.12 J / (kg K)
40
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.52 J / mol · K
37
26.65 J / mol · K
26
doyo termal
7.97 W / m · K
99+
35.30 W / m · K
38
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
13.40 μm / (m · K)
28
28.90 μm / (m · K)
13
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
151.00 kJ / mol
99+
179.40 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.90 kJ / mol
33
4.77 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
207.10 kJ / mol
99+
194.60 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
56.70 J / mol.K
24
64.80 J / mol.K
17
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