Holmium

Lead

mbandhingaké Holmium lan Lead

Holmium

Lead

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

ora Sumadhiya14

0 17

2.3 Panggil periode

2 7

2.5 Block

pemblokiran f

p pemblokiran

2.6 Family unsur

lanthanide

Transisi Post-

2.7 CAS Number

74406007439921

7429905 54386242

2.8 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

Fm_ 3M

2.9 Space Group Number

194.00225.00

11 229

3 facts

3.1 Facts Interesting

metal Holmium sanget alus lan malleable.
metal Holmium uga dikenal kanggo resistivity sawijining karat.

Galena Mineral ngandhut meh 87% saka logam Lead ing, Galena punika sulfide Mineral.
Sumber kasedhiya paling saka logam Lead dina iku dening ulang batre automobile.

3.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals

3.3 History

3.3.1 sing katutup

Marc Delafontaine

Unknown

3.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1878

Ing Tengah Easterns (7000 SM)

3.4 turah mbrawah

3.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

5 * 10^-8 %1 * 10^-6 %

5E-09 0.11

3.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~-9999 %~0.000001 %

1E-08 0.1

3.5.2 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

3.6.2 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.6.4 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

3.6.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

4 ulah

4.1 Ulah lan Wuku

metal Holmium duwe kemampuan kanggo nresep neutron, supaya logam iki digunakake ing reaktor nuklir kanggo njaga reaksi berantai saka unsur ing kontrol.
Wesi saka Holmium digunakake kanggo gawé Magnet.

Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing insecticides, alami rambute lan minangka aditif anti-nuthuk kanggo bensin. Nanging kabeh iki dilarang déning pamaréntah minangka logam Lead dikenal kanggo ngrugekake kanggo kesehatan.

4.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

4.1.2 Ulah Medical

Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

4.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, Nuclear Riset

wesi

4.2 Properties biologi

4.2.1 keracunan

Low Toxic

Toxic

4.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

4.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiya0.21 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

4.2.6 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiya30.00 ppm

0 170000

5 fisik

5.1 leleh Point

1,461.00 ° C327.50 ° C

27 3410

5.2 Boiling Point

2,600.00 ° C1,740.00 ° C

147 5660

5.3 katon

5.3.1 State fisik

Solid

5.3.2 warna

perak Putih

Gray

5.3.4 luster

metallic

5.4 atose

5.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya1.50

0.2 8.5

5.4.3 Brinell atose

746.00 MPa38.00 MPa

0.14 3490

5.4.5 Vickers atose

481.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

5.5 Kacepetan swara

2,760.00 m / s1,190.00 m / s

818 16200

5.6 Properties Optical

5.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

5.6.3 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

5.7 allotropes

Ora

5.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6 Kimia

6.1 Formula Kimia

6.2 isotop

6.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3435

0 38

6.3 keelektronegatifan

6.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.231.87

0.7 2.54

6.3.4 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya2.29

0.22 2.56

6.3.6 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.101.55

0.86 1.82

6.3.9 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya2.41

0.62 2.48

6.3.11 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.85

0.659 2.7

6.4 Electropositivity

6.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.771.67

1.46 3.3

6.5 tenogo ionisasi

6.5.1 Level Energy 1st

581.00 kJ / mol715.60 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

6.5.3 Level Energy 2

1,140.00 kJ / mol1,450.50 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

6.5.5 Level Energy 3rd

2,204.00 kJ / mol3,081.50 kJ / mol

1600 34230

6.6.1 Level Energy 4

4,100.00 kJ / mol4,083.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

6.7.1 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya6,640.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

6.7.2 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

7.1.1 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

7.4.2 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

7.4.3 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

7.4.5 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

7.4.7 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

7.5.2 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

7.5.4 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

7.5.6 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

7.6.1 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

7.7.1 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

7.7.2 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

7.9.1 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

7.10.1 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

7.12.1 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

8.1.2 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

8.1.3 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

8.1.5 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

8.1.6 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

8.2.1 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

8.3.1 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

8.4.2 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

8.4.3 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

8.4.5 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

8.5.2 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

8.6 padha karo elektrokimia

2.02 g / amp-day3.87 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

8.7 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya4.25 eV

2.14 5.65

8.9 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

9 atom

9.1 Panggil atom

6782

3 117

10.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹¹ 6s ²

[Xe] 4F ¹⁴ 5d ¹⁰ 6s ² 6p ²

10.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

10.3.1 Crystal pola

10.4 atom

10.4.1 Jumlah proton

6782

3 117

10.4.5 Jumlah Neutron

98125

4 184

10.5.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

6782

3 117

10.6 Radius saka Atom

10.6.1 Radius atom

176.00 pm175.00 pm

112 265

10.6.2 kovalen Radius

192.00 pm146.00 pm

96 260

10.6.4 Van der Waals Radius

216.00 pm202.00 pm

139 348

11.2 Bobot atom

164.93 Amu207.20 Amu

6.94 294

11.4 Volume atom

18.70 cm3 / mol18.17 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

11.6 Nomer atom jejer

11.6.1 unsur Previous

11.6.2 Sabanjure unsur

11.7 Potensi Valence Electron

47.90 (-eV)24.20 (-eV)

8 392.42

11.9 Constant pola

357.73 pm495.08 pm

228.58 891.25

11.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

11.12 Pola C / A rasio

1.57ora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

12 Teknik

12.1 Kapadhetan

12.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

8.79 g / cm ³11.34 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

12.1.3 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.34 g / cm310.66 g / cm3

0.512 20

12.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya12.00 MPa

2.5 11000

12.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

12.5 meksa beluk

12.5.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)1.64 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

12.5.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

12.6 situs kelenturan

12.6.1 nyukur pengaturan

26.30 GPA5.60 GPA

1.3 222

12.6.2 pengaturan akeh

40.20 GPA46.00 GPA

1.6 462

12.6.3 Young kang pengaturan

64.80 GPA16.00 GPA

1.7 528

12.7 Poisson rasio

0.230.44

0.032 0.47

12.8 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable, Sectile

ductile, malleable

13 Magnetic

13.1 Ciri Magnetic

13.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

8.8011.35

0.53 4500

13.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

diamagnetic

13.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

13.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

13.2 Properties Listrik

13.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

Arman miskin

13.2.2 resistivity

814.00 nΩ · m208.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

13.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.05 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

13.2.4 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol35.10 kJ / mol

0 222.8

14 termal

14.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.16 J / (kg K)0.13 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

14.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

27.15 J / mol · K26.65 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

14.3 doyo termal

16.20 W / m · K35.30 W / m · K

6.3 429

14.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

14.5 Expansion termal

11.20 μm / (m · K)28.90 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

14.6 enthalpy

14.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

241.00 kJ / mol179.40 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

14.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

11.76 kJ / mol4.77 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

14.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

301.00 kJ / mol194.60 kJ / mol

61.5 837

14.7 Standard molar Entropy

75.30 J / mol.K64.80 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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